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Lect1 2013 AIS 200
Lect1 2013 AIS 200
fewer workers are making products, and a large segment of the employee population is involved in producing, analyzing, and distributing information. Knowledge workers comprise much of the labor force. A major contributor to the information age is the Internet.
WHAT IS A SYSTEM?
A group of interrelated multiple components or subsystems that serve a common purpose/ goal Characteristics of a system
Has parts / subsystem that related Has goal /purpose There will be input and output Has an environment that it resides Has a boundary that separate it from environment and/or other system There is limit to what it can accomplish
A system is called a subsystem when it is viewed as a component of a larger system. A subsystem is considered a system when it is the focus of attention.
SYSTEM INTERFACE
Interface occurs at the connecting point where the boundaries of two systems meet. Interface acting as connecting point for two systems, it eases the flow of one systems output into another system. The designers of a system should plan for an interface which copes with the waiting period between two processes
TYPES OF SYSTEM
Systems have been classified in different ways.
PHYSICAL VS ABSTRACT
Physical systems
tangible entities that may be static or dynamic in operation. Eg, the physical parts of the computer center are the offices, desks, and chairs that facilitate operation of the computer (static). A programmed computer is a dynamic system. Data, programs, output, and applications change as the users demands or the priority of the information requested changes
Abstract systems
are conceptual or nonphysical entities. A model is an easier way for the analyst to visualize relationships in the system under study.
The objective is to point out the significant elements and the key interrelationships of a complex system.
A closed system
does not interface with its environment, i.e. it has no input or output. more relevant to scientific systems than to social systems. Completely closed system is very rare. The nearest we can get to a closed social system would be a completely self-contained community that provides all its own food, materials and power, and that does not trade, communicate or come into contact with other communities.
Data are raw facts about events that have no organization or meaning. Information is data that have been processed and is meaningful and useful to users.
Accounting
Information
Information Systems
Systems
VALUES OF AIS
provide accurate and timely information Improve products or services increase quality, reduce cost, add special features Increase efficiency deliver timely information Reliable information will improve decision making capabilities Improve sharing of knowledge and expertise
IS
AIS
GLS/ FRS
TPS MRS
MIS
Finance
Marketing
Production
HRS
Logistic
Activity levels and decision types 1. Structured decisions ( are repetitive and routine for lowest management level) 2. Unstructured decision (are non recurring and non-routine for higher level management) 3. Semistructured decision (combine the characteristics of both structured and unstructured decision)