1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Preview Warm Up California Standards Lesson Presentation

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Warm Up
Multiply or divide. 1. 6(7) 2. 5. Write 6. Write 42 3. 42 7 6 4. as a mixed number. as an improper fraction. 4

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

California Standards
2.0 Students understand and use such operations as taking the opposite, finding the reciprocal, taking a root, and raising to a fractional power. They understand and use the rules of exponents.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Vocabulary
reciprocal multiplicative inverse

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

When you multiply or divide two numbers, the signs of the numbers determine whether the result is positive or negative. Numbers Product/Quotient

Both positive
One negative Both negative

Positive
Negative Positive

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Additional Example 1: Multiplying and Dividing Signed Numbers Find the value of each expression. A.

5
B.

The product of two numbers with different signs is negative.

12

The quotient of two numbers with the same sign is positive.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Additional Example 1: Multiplying and Dividing Signed Numbers Find the value of each expression. C.

Multiply.
The quotient of two numbers with different signs is negative.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Partner Share! Example 1
Find the value of each expression. 1a. 35 (5) 7 1b. 11(4) 44 The product of two numbers with the same sign is positive. The quotient of two numbers with different signs is negative.

1c. 6(7)
42 The product of two numbers with different signs is negative.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Two numbers are reciprocals if their product is 1. A number and its reciprocal are called multiplicative inverses.

To divide by a number, you can multiply by its multiplicative inverse (especially with fractions).

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Additional Example 2A: Dividing with Fractions Example 2 Dividing by Fractions Divide.

To divide by

, multiply by

Multiply the numerators and multiply the denominators. and have the same sign,

so the quotient is positive.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Additional Example 2B: Dividing with Fractions Divide.

Write

as an improper fraction. , multiply by have different signs, .

To divide by and

so the quotient is negative.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Helpful Hint You can write the reciprocal of a number by switching the numerator and denominator. A number written without a denominator has a denominator of 1.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Partner Share! Example 2a Divide.

Write

as an improper fraction.
, multiply by .

To divide by

and 9 have the same signs,

so the quotient is positive.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Partner Share! Example 2b Divide.

To divide by

, multiply by

Multiply the numerators and multiply the denominators. and have different signs,

so the quotient is negative.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Partner Share! Example 2c Divide.

Write

as an improper fraction. multiply by .

To divide by

The signs are different, so the quotient is negative.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

The number 0 has special properties for multiplication and division.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Additional Example 3: Multiplying and Dividing with Zero Multiply or divide if possible. 0 A. 15 0 B. 22 0 undefined C. 8.45(0) 0 Zero is divided by a nonzero number. The quotient of zero and any nonzero number is 0. A number is divided by zero. Division by zero is undefined. A number is multiplied by zero. The product of any number and 0 is 0.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Partner Share! Example 3 Multiply or divide.

3a.
0 3b. 0 0 undefined

Zero is divided by a nonzero number.

The quotient of zero and any nonzero number is 0.

A number is divided by zero.

A number divided by 0 is undefined.

3c. (12.350)(0) A number is multiplied by zero. 0 The product of any number and 0 is 0.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Additional Example 4: Recreation Application The speed of a hot-air balloon is 3 3 mi/h. It 4 1 travels in a straight line for 1 hours before 3 landing. How many miles away from the liftoff site will the balloon land?
1 hour. Find the distance traveled at a rate of 3 3 mi/h for 1 4 3 To find distance, multiply rate by time.

rate 3 34

times

time 11 3

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Additional Example 4 Continued

3 3 1 1 = 15 4 4 3 4 3 15(4) 60 = 4(3) 12
=5

Write 3 3 and 1 1 as improper fractions. 4 3

Multiply the numerators and multiply the denominators. 3 3 and 1 1 have the same sign, so 4 3 the quotient is positive.

The hot-air balloon lands 5 miles from the liftoff site.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Partner Share! Example 4 What if? On another hot-air balloon trip, the wind speed is 5.25 mi/h. The trip is planned for 1.5 hours. The balloon travels in a straight line parallel to the ground. How many miles away from the liftoff site will the balloon land? 5.25(1.5) = 7.875 mi Rate times time equals distance. Distance traveled.

1-3 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers

Lesson Review Find the value of each expression.

1.

35 5 7

2. 2(6) 12

Multiply or divide if possible. 5. 3 0 4 undefined 1 6. A cyclist traveled on a straight road for 1 4 hours at a speed of 12 mi/h. How many miles did the cyclist travel? 15 miles 3. 3 1 3 12 4 7 4. 2 1 (0) 0 3