Histology 6

Craig Clifford
Northeastern State University
Spring 2009
Muscle Tissue
 Responsible for movement in organs
and the body as a whole
 There are three types of muscle in the
body (mesodermal origin)
 Skeletal
 Cardiac
 Smooth
Skeletal muscle
 Very long cylindrical, multinucleated
cells
 Quick, forceful, voluntary contractions
 Cross-striations
Cardiac muscle
 Elongated, branched uninucleate cells
 Cross-striations
 Cells joined at intercalated disks
 Involuntary, vigorous rhythmic
contractions
Smooth muscle
 Short, spindle shaped, uninucleate
cells
 Slow involuntary contractions
Special terms
 In muscle cells,
 The cytoplasm is referred to as the
sarcoplasm
 The cell membrane is called the
sarcolemma
 The smooth ER is know as the
sarcoplasmic reticulum
Skeletal muscle
 Muscle fibers=muscle cells
 Very long and may be as long as the
muscle itself
 Multinucleated state results from the
fusion of mononucleated cells
embryonically
 Nuclei located peripherally, which differs
from cardiac and smooth
Skeletal muscle
 Muscle fibers contain myofibrils
 Each muscle cell is surrounded by an
endomysium
 A bundle of muscle cells is called a fascicle
and is surrounded by a perimysium
 A muscle is composed of multiple fascicles
and is surrounded by the epimysium
Stained for laminin

NERVE

Laminin is a protein component of the endomysium.

Tissue culture plasticware
coated without Laminin
 NG-108 rat
glioma/mouse
neuroblastoma
cells cultured on
tissue-culture
plastic are loosely
adhered and
remain rounded.
Tissue culture plasticware
coated with Laminin
 NG-108 rat
glioma/mouse
neuroblastoma cells
cultured on BD
BioCoat Laminin
Cellware exhibit a
spindle-shaped
morphology and
dendritic processes.

“stimulate neurite outgrowth, promote cell attachment, chemotaxis,

cell differentiation and neuronal survival.
Skeletal muscle
 Note the peripheral
location of the
nuclei
Skeletal muscle
 When viewed with light transmitted
through the sections, a banding
pattern appears.
 A bands
 I bands
 Z lines
 H zones
Rigor mortis
 Stiffness of the body beginning 3-4
hours post-mortem, peaking at 12
hours and relenting at 36 hours.
 Contrast:
 Pallor mortis – no blood flow, immediate
 Algor mortis – decrease in temp.
 1.5 F/hour
 Livor mortis – blood pooling (lividity)
 Precedes Rigor mortis
Proprioception - Muscle
spindles
Proprioception - Muscle spindles
Muscle spindles - xs

Artifact?
Proprioception – Golgi Tendon
Organ
Proprioception – Golgi Tendon
Organ
Camillo Golgi
 Born 1843
 Died 1926
 Physician trained in
Italy
 Initial studies
focused on the
nervous system
Camillo Golgi
 Identified three stages of malarial
parasites and the three types of fevers
 Most famous for his technique, “the
black reaction”, which stained
individual nerves and cell structures
 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine
in 1906
Myoglobin stain
Immunohistologically stained
for myoglobin

From what structure in the

body is this section taken?
Cardiac muscle
 Remember, typically uninucleate (may
be binucleate), branching,
interconnecting cells.
Cardiac muscle
 The internal
arrangement of
subcellular
components is not
as orderly in
cardiac as opposed
to skeletal muscle.
Cardiac muscle
 Intercalated disks are areas of
connection between cells, containing
 Fasciae adherentes (hemi-Z bands)
 Maculae adherentes (desmosomes)
 Gap junctions
Smooth muscle
 Smooth muscle cells are elongated,
non-striated cells
 Fusiform in shape - larger in middle
and narrow at each end.
 No t-tubules