Radio Frequency IDentification

Ramannagari Shyamprasad Goud

Outline
 Description of the Technology

 What is RFID
 Benifits of RFID Technology

 Technical Information

 RFID System
 Principle circuit of RFID-system
 Coupling Overview
 RFID Circuitry
 RFID Standards

 Practical Information
 Real World Applications

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What is RFID ?
 Short range radio technology used to communicate information between
a stationary location and a movable object

 Subset of Auto-identification Techniques

 Allows for identification of objects without any human intervention

 Data is retrieved and stored remotely using wireless technology

 Can store wide variety of data

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Benifits of RFID Technology
 No line of sight access needed for reading tag

 Read range is much larger than barcodes

 Multiple tags can be read simultaneously by a reader

 Detailed information collected in one pass rather than individual scans

of a product

 More data can be stored than a barcode which has only an identification
number

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RFID System
Communication Infrastructure

Reader
Tag Antenna

Software
system
Reader Controller

Sensor

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RFID System

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Principle circuit of an RFID-system

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Coupling Overview
 Close Coupling Systems
 Range: < 1cm
 Frequencies: 125 to 134 KHz
 Based on inductive coupling or capacitive coupling
 E.g for door locking system

 Remote Coupling Systems

 Range: < 1m
 Frequencies: 135 KHz to 13.56 MHz
 Mostly Based on inductive coupling
 E.g for contcated Smart cardless systems

 Long Range System

 Range: >1m
 Frequencies: 860 MHz to 950MHz or 2.45 GHz
 Also known as backscatter systems
 E.g for Logistics applications

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 RFID Circuitry
Rectifier Limiter

Mutual D1
R5
inductance
R3 R4
R1 D4 C6
D2
C1
AC Voltage
C2 C3 C4 L1 L2 C5
D3

R2
Reader Transponder

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RFID Standards
 Standards for logistics applications
 ISO/IEC 18000
 ISO/IEC 15961-15963
 ISO/IEC 15418
 Standards for automatic livestock identification
 ISO/IEC 11784
 ISO/IEC 11785
 ISO/IEC 14223
 Standards for vicinity coupling cards
 ISO/IEC 10373
 ISO/IEC 10536
 ISO/IEC 14443
 ISO/IEC 15693
 Supply Chain Management
 EPC (Electronic Product Code)
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Real World Applications
 Supply chain management
 Tranportation Payment Systems
 Building Entrances
 Parking Automation
 Library book Tracing
 Animal Identification
 Grocery Stores

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Future work
 Different types of rectifier structures

 Rectifier circuit using Schottkey barrier diode

 Rectifier circuit using MOSFETs

 Different limiter structures

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References
 RFID Journal –The World’s RFID Authority. What is RFID
http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/articleview/1339/1/129/
 Finkenzeller, K., RFID Handbook [Electronic Resource]: Fundamentals
and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification,
translated by Rachel Waddington, Chichester, England; Wiley, Hoboken,
N. J., c2003
 Wikipedia. Radio‐Frequency Identification.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFID

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