Crystallizer Design

EQUIPMENT NUMBER EQUIPMENT NAME

S01 Forced Circulation Crystallizer General Data

Service
Vessel Type Internal Diameter[m] Vessel Height [m] Shell Thickness [mm] Cone Thickness [mm] Head Type Head Thickness [mm] Material Crystallization Mechanism Relieveing Supersaturation Circulation Rate [m3/hr]

Crystallization of Concentrate
Cylindrical vessel with conical bottom and exxternal condenser 1.1156 3.0574 5.0000 4.1006 Torispherical 5.1763 Stainless Steel 316 Adiabatic Cooling/Vaccum Magma Circulation 56.8635 Centrifugal Pump-Single Stage, Single Suction* Two-stage Reciprocating Dry Vacuum Pump Counter-current Barometric Condenser* Process Conditions

Circulation Pump Type Vacuum Equipment Condenser Type

Stream Details Temperature [oC] Pressure (Pa) Density [kg/m3] Composition Citric Acid Citric Acid Monohydrate Water Support Type Number of Legs Height of Leg [m] Angle beam dimensions [in] Base Plate Dimensions [in]

Feed 25.0000 3169.0000 1281.9783

Top 25.0000 3169.0000 0.0231

Bottom 25.0000 3169.0000 1369.6016

2774.5997 1372.2032 Support Details

152.1338 Leg, Angle Type 4.0000 1.5240 3 x 3 x 3/8 5 x 5 x 1/2

1740.8550 1130.6818 1123.1322

REMARKS

*Specifications are found in Appendix A.5.4

Operating Mode
A rough guide presented by Mersmann (2001), (ln ) = > 8, (ln )

(ln ) = < 1, (ln )

(ln ) 8> = > 1, (ln )

Operating Mode
For Citric Acid,
= 3.69 3.94

Hence, Vacuum or Adiabatic Cooling Crystallization

Crystallizer Type
From Samant and OYoung (2006),

Capital Costs: DTB/DT > OSLO > FC > SCB/SB

Equipment Sizing: Calculation Flow Diagram

Retention time 50 = 3.67

Minimum Active Volume = 14

Height of Cone 0.1 0 = tan 55 ( ) 2 2

Sizing = + = 0.18683 2 + (1.5) 4

Height of Cylinder = 1.5

Mechanical Engineering Design

The selected material for the crystallizer is stainless steel 316 due to its high corrosion resistance (Westhoff et al., 2004). Shell Thickness 3 = Torispherical Head Thickness

= 4

Mechanical Engineering Design

ConeThickness
=
3

Corrosion Allowance: 2 mm

Mechanical Engineering Design

Leg Support, Angle Type
= 2 [ 1 + 62 + (3 + 64 )

1 =

[ 6 + (3 64 1 2 2

Mechanical Engineering Design

Figure A.5.4.5.Angle Leg Dimensions

Pipe and Nozzle Sizing

To calculate the diamters of the pipe the followinf equation is used (Timmerhaus, 1991), , = 3.90.45 0.13

Manways
From Megyesy (2005), for vessels with diameters greater than 36 inches (the shell diameter of the crystallizer is 43.92 inch), a 15 in inner diameter manhole is installed. The location of the manhole is preferably in the head.

Swirl Breaker

Direct Contact Condenser

= .
W, T1 Non-condensable gases

F16

W + F16, T2

16 +

1 273.15

= 16 +

273.15

Direct Contact Condenser

Cooling Water Inlet Non-condensable gases

Vapor Inlet

Water Capacity = 40 gpm A = 53 in B=7 in C= 6 in D= 11 in E= 42 in F = 48.5 in G=4.5 in Water inlet = 2 in Vapor inlet = 10 in Gas Outlet = 2 in Discharge Outlet = 3 in
Discharge Outlet

Centrifugal Pump Single Suction

Centrifugal Pump Single Suction

Centrifugal Pump Single Suction

Suction outlet = 5 in Discharge outlet = 3 in CP = 30.5625 in DC=6.25 in DD=5.375 in R=3.75 in NPOT Drain = 0.25 in W = 5.3125 in X = 7 in Y = 3 in Z = 5.625 in

L = 11.8125 in A = 8.5 in AB = 5.875 in B = 6.5 in D = 4.5 in E = 3.75 in F=2.75 in G = 0.1875 in H = 0.375 in P = 7.875 in

Two stage reciprocating dry vacuum pump