THE NEW LANDSCAPE

- CHARLES CORREA

SANGEETHA.R SINDHU.T PRIYANKA.D.G SAMUEL VIJAYAN AISHWARYA LAKSHMI

U R B A N I Z A T I O N

The recognize of birth of new cities is excluded, which reflects the egocentric character of the urban centers. Well-to-do citizens look at the squatter (illegal habitants without property tax) as an anti social element. Character of urban center beside poverty, considering human entities is very important in developing nation. To make this character on-stream takes centuries (that is called as process of civilization). The demographic charts represents the growth twice as fast as overall population. REASONS FOR URBANIZATION: Not because of merely the big city lights. Due to distress no longer be sustained in rural. Works takes first priority than the need for housing. They want to be where their jobs are(but not in the edge of the city). Solution is complex. SOLUTION FOR URBANIZATION: Land redistribution and social reforms on villages. VILLAGE GROWTH: New employment (small scale industries). School and hospitals in the center of rural. Thus inhabitant continuous to use until it grows as a town. This type of growth leads to transport rationalism. THREE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF URBANIZATION: 1. Holding capacity should increase in village by social land redistribution and reforms. 2. Key market of towns should also be invested. 3. All new industries and major offices including government ones should be located in middle size cities.

1)

The first objective is land redistribution and social reforms. Mahatma Ghandhis ideology throught (cloth-spinning) Eq: Mao in china. Failure of this strategic leads to unequal distribution of resources between rural elite and the distress migrators. Two and three can be done easily, because of government policy. Ex : Bangalore 7% (medium size urban) Bombay 4% If these objectives are attained then the growth of cities can be straightened, if not India can be like Mexico City (over population). These migrates serves to re-adjust socio-economic pressure. If not the sign of hope emerge the pessimistic proposition would have happened. Mass migration to urban areas is not a new phenomena. Ex : European cities.

2)

To many attempts at low cost housing perceive it only as simplistic issue to pile up as many dwelling units at a given site without any concern for other spaces which is involved in that hierarchy which results in inhuman, uneconomical and unusable.

TYPES OF URBAN SPACE:

Family private use: Interior spaces of residence.
Eg: cooking space, sleeping and storage spaces. Intimate contact space: Spaces in front of door or house. Eg: veranda, sit out and entry garden. Neighborhood meeting space: Gathering spaces in and around streets. Eg: water tap, tea shops, auto stands, etc., Maiden space: Spaces used by the whole city (principle urban space) Eg: temples, parks, railway station and play grounds.

The production cost of various spaces (rooms, courtyards, verandahs etc) involves examining the relation between building height and overall densities. This relationship depends on a number of factors including the size of housing unit, the community space per family. For Indian urban communities as the building height increases by 20 fold, gross neighborhood density increases only by 4 fold.

Only 1/3rd of the city is used for housing, the rest is used for amenities such as industry, transport, hospitals, recreational areas, green areas and educational institutions. The problem of housing the vast majority of our urban people is not one of miracle building materials or construction technologies, it is primarily a matter of density and of re-establishing land-use allocations.