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OMF010002 Handover: Huawei Confidential
OMF010002 Handover: Huawei Confidential
Huawei Confidential
Course Contents
Summary of Handover
HO Algorithm process
HO Data Configuration HO Signaling process
Summary of HOPurposes of HO
Purposes of HO
To keep a continuous communication with a moving MS
To improve network service performance
Summary of HOClassification of HO
Classification of HO:
Emergency HO
Concentric Cell HO
Course Contents
HO Algorithm process
HO Data Configuration HO Signaling process
HO Algorithm process
General HO process
Edge HO
Penalty processing
TA emergency HO BQ emergency HO RSD emergency HO
Layer HO
Basic ranking
Secondary ranking
HO judgement
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7
Processing program
HO Algorithm process
General HO process
downlink receiving quality of the serving cell and other downlink receiving levels from the neighbor cells.
Serving cell
The downlink measurement report of the serving cell The uplink measurement report of MS
Neighbour cell
MS. Before the rank-update, BSC needs to recover the lost measurement reports according to Filter Table. If the lost MR amount is within the allowed range, then recovers the lost MR according to the algorithm.
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C o n t i n u o u s M R f l o w
M R
M R
M R
M R
M R
M e a s u r e m e n t r e p o r t N o . n
M e a s u r e m e n t r e p o r t N o . n + 4
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HO Algorithm process
General HO process
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Penalty Processing
There are altogether four types of penalty process (second step of HO algorithm process )
Penalty on the target cell when a HO fails. Penalty on the original serving cell when an emergency
moving HO is performed.
A new HO attempt is prohibited within the penalty time
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Penalty Processing
Penalty on the target cell:
Punish the target cell when a HO fails. This is to avoid the MS
Cell A
BTS
HO failure BSC
Cell B
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Penalty Processing
Penalty on the serving cell:
Punish the original serving cell when an emergency HO ( due to
Cell A
BTS
BQ& TA HO
BSC
Cell B
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Penalty Processing
Giving penalty on the other three layers after MS handovers to Umbrella cell by fast-moving-HO. This is to keep MS staying in the umbrella cell and avoid frequent HO.
Back? No way!
Umbrella
Micro cell
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Penalty Processing
A new Overlaid/underlaid HO is prohibited within a penalty time after an Overlaid/Underlaid HO failure.
Overlaid Underlaid
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HO Algorithm process
General HO process
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rule:
Only the cells with received signal level satisfy the following conditions can be put into the
candidate cell list. For serving cell: RX_LEV (o) >MSRXMIN(o) + MAX(0,Pa(o)) i.e : RX_LEV(o) MSRXMIN(o)-MAX(0,Pa(o)) > 0 .. ( 1 )
i.e : Having the same formula as above Pa(0) : MS_TXPWR_MAX(0) P Pa(n) : MS_TXPWR_MAX(n) P MS_TXPWR_MAX( ) : The appointed MS transmitting power by the BSS. P : Max_Power_of_MS Max_Power_of_MS : MS maximum transmitting power
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cells are ranked in descending order according to the receiving level only.
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own 16bits value. The smaller the value is, the higher the priority and position the cell is in the cell list. 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
cell signal level and the penalty process taking place beforehand. The values come from max. 6 candidate cells and 1 serving cell according to the level ranges from 000~110. The value for the cell with the strongest signal level is 000.
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GSM 900
GSM 900
GSM 900
GSM1800 Cell
GSM1800
GSM1800
GSM1800
Micro Cell
GSM900 GSM1800
GSM900 GSM1800
GSM900 GSM1800
GSM900 GSM1800
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criterion. Serving cell: if Cell Load>= Start threshold of load HO, bit 11th is set to 1, otherwise is set to 0. Neighbor cell: if Cell Load>=Receive threshold of load HO, bit 11th is set to 1, otherwise is set to 0. Refer to Load HO Table for the load HO threshold and load req. on candidate cell.
Clue : When the cell load is higher than the threshold, then the bit 11th is set to 1.This is done in order to put the cell in a lower part of the cell list.
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Serving cell: is always set to 0. Neighbor cell: if co-BSC with the serving cell, 12th bit is set to 0, otherwise is set to 1. When the signal level from the neighbor cell or the serving cell is lower than layer HO threshold and hysteresis. This function is turned off and the value is set to 0. If the parameter Co-BSC/MSC Adj. in the HO control table is set to No, then this function is turned off and the value is 0.
13th bit : Bit value is decided by Co-MSC parameter,
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1
note :
The layer HO threshold and hierarchical hysteresis correspond to the value of that individual cells value. Usual situation : When the neighbor cells are of the same layer, each of the neighbor cells layer HO threshold value will be the same. Same concept goes for the layer HO hysteresis. This can maintain the entire hierarchical layers of the cell.
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Serving cell or Neighbor cells: When cell type is extension cell 1. When cell type is normal cell 0.
The 16th bit: Reserved bit
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HO Algorithm process
General HO process
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HO Algorithm
Initializing M rule K rule 16bits rule
O&M reason
Forced HO
Direct re-try
Send HO command
Send HO command Send HO command Edge HO judgment
PBGT HO judgment
Types of HO
Types of HO :
Emergency HO
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Emergency HO
TA HO criterion :
TA of the serving cell > TA Thrsh.
BQ HO criterion :
The average value of the uplink quality of the serving cell
Requirements on the target cell (same as the above two types of HO):
Select the first cell in the neighbor cell list i.e. lowest
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16bits value.
Emergency HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO:
Due to downlink signal level drop
Triggered upon detecting rapid level drop during MS
busy mode.
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Emergency HO
Interference HO (DL&UL) :
When the receiving level > receiving threshold level. But
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Cell Load HO
Cell Load HO Criterions :
System load of BSC < Permissible load of HO threshold Load of serving cell > Load HO threshold
BTS
BSC
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Normal HO
Edge HO Criterion:
In N seconds, when there are P seconds that neighbor
cells DL or MSs UL signal level is lower than the Edge HO threshold. Then the criterion is met and Edge HO occurs. This method utilizes the P/N rule.
cell.
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Normal HO
Layer HO criterions:
Serving cell :
No requirement.
Target cell :
Layer of the target cell is lower than the serving cell. Receive level of the target cell > layer cell threshold + layer cell hysteresis.
Target cell should be ranked in front of the serving cell. The priority of target cell should be higher than the serving cells.
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PBGT HO
PBGT HO Criterions :
Target cells path loss is smaller than the serving cells
Note :
PBGT HO can only occur between same-priority cell. If
the system permits PBGT HO for the cell, PBGT HO can occur in either inter-BSC or inter-MSC.
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Fast-Moving HO
When the serving cell is micro cell :
When the MS has traveled through P numbers of cell,
and there are Q (=<P) numbers of cell that the MS has traveled in high speed, the criteria is satisfied. MS will be handed over to umbrella cell.
greater penalty can be given to the micro cell for a duration of time (penalty time). In this way, the MS will not use the micro cell. Note :In this case, the micro cell is only used under urgency conditions( Poor TA and BQ ).
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Overlaid/Underlaid HO
Overlaid/underlaid :
Division of underlaid and overlaid is decided by MS downlink
underlaid
overlaid
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Overlaid/Underlaid HO
Criterion for HO from overlaid to underlaid:
TA value => TA threshold + TA hysteresis Or
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Question
Can you list the function of each bit in 16bit ranking? What is the period of measurement report?
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Course Contents
HO Algorithm process
HO Data Configuration HO Signaling process
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Penalty allowed
Yes, No
No
Load HO allowed
Yes, No
No
Yes, No
No
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PBGT HO allowed
Yes
It means after a handover whether MS is to use proper predicted transmitting power to access the new channel. This can reduce system interference and improve service qualit y (this parameter acts when intra BSC handover occurs).
Yes, No
Yes
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Yes, No
Yes
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Cell priority
Layer HO Thrsh.
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Layer HO hysteresis
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40
15
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This offset is based on Min downlink level of handover candidate cell. Different offsets can be defined for different adjacent cells, and to enter the can didate cell list, the corresponding adjacent cell rec eiving signal level must be higher tha n the sum of Mi n downlink level of handover candidate cell and Min. Access level offset.
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Penalty time after HO fail Penalty level after BQ HO fail Penalty time after BQ HO fail
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10 63
0~60 seconds
10
10
After an overlaid/underlaid handover failure (big circle hands 0~16Seconds over to small circle o r vice versa), within certain time (this parameter configuration value) overlaid/und erlaid handover is forbidden for the same call.
10
60
UL QUAL. Thrsh.
60
61
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Min uplink receiving power threshold from the serving cell 0~63 required for interf. HO, when interference handover is triggered if the uplink quality is worse than quality thr eshold and at this time the uplink signal level is higher than the signal threshold. When triggering interference handover, If the serving cell is in the first posi tion in the cell list, and intra-cell handover permitted, then start intra -cell HO. Otherwis e select the second cell to perform inter-cell HO. Min downlink receiving power threshold from the serving cell 0~63 required for interf. HO.
30
63
Filter parameter B
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Load HO Thrsh
Load Req. on The Load threshold for the ta rget cells that can accept MS from candidate cell serving cell in load HO, i.e. when the TCH under Idle mode in the neigh bor cell is lower than the corresponding percentage , the cell refuses to accept MS from serving cell handed over due to the load reason.
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0, 8~11 system flow levels, corresponding to 0, 70, 80, 90 and 95. 0~7 cell load 5 levels, corresponding to 0, 50, 60, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 0~7, 2 corresponding to 0, 50, 60, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90
Recommended value 25
10
0~63
25 (without PBGT handover, downtown), 15 (single station on outskirts), 15 (with PBGT handover, downtown)
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30 (without PBGT handover, downtown), 20 (single station on outskirts), 20 (with PBGT handover, downtown)
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Edge time
1~16 seconds
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PBGT time
1~16 seconds
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1~16 seconds
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The cell sum N by which MS actually quickly passes. If 1~10 within P cells that MS continuously past, the number of cells by which the MS is judged to pass quickly is equal to or more than N, then the MS will b e judged as a fast moving MS. The time threshold (2r/v) determined by the cell radius 0~255 (r) and moving speed (v). If the time in which MS seconds passes the cell is smaller than the threshold, then MS is judged to quickly pass the cell.
15
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0~63 0~63 bit period, with 1 bit period correspondin g to 0.55km 0~63 bit period
TA hysteresis
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UO HO valid time
0~16 seconds
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AssignIf system optimization is selected, estimate optimum (interpolate, filter) current SDCCH level value through level Thrsh. uplink measurement value in the former SDCCH measurement report, and compare with Assignoptimum Level threshold, so as to assign overlaid or underlaid channel. If SDCCH is in the overlaid : edge handover threshold + signal intensity difference between underlaid and overlaid + uplink and downlink balance allowance + SDCCH and TCH difference allowance. If SDCCH is in the underlaid : edge handover threshold + uplink and downlink balance allowance + SDCCH and TCH difference allowance. 75
When the cell is configured into a Yes, No Overlaid/Underlaid, there are two processing methods for incoming handover request in BSC: (1) No special processing for channel assignment. (2) Add BCCH signal level value of the target cell in inter-cell handover request message to BSC to make BSC allocate optimum channel for MS from underlaid or overlaid . If there is a incoming BSC HO, and the target cell is a Overlaid/Underlaid, then, this parameter will show which layer is preferred to provide service for the MS.
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HO Parameters Configuration
HO data lookup process
BA2 table defines BCCH frequencies of all neighbor
cells. It is sent to MS by system message 5, system message 5-bis and system message 5ter on SACCH channel.
MS reports the serving cell and BCCH, BSIC and signal
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number and CGI of all neighbor cells are derived from Adjacent cell Relation Table, and Cell Description Table (or External Cell Description Table) through BCCH and BSIC in the MR.
Summary of BSC HO
HO data lookup process
BSC performs HO judgment process, such as basic rank
of cells (completed in LAPD board). When BSC finds suitable target, It sends HO request messages containing the target CGI to MPU of BSC. According to CGI, MPU derive the module number of the cell from Cell Module Information Table.
MPU sends a HO command message to the target
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Course Contents
HO Algorithm process
HO Data Configuration HO Signaling process
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HO Signaling process
Intra BSC Handover Intra MSC Handover
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BTS1
BSC
BTS2
MS
MSC
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channel after the target cell has sent PHY INFO up to max times, the target cell reports CONN FAIL IND to BSC with the reason: HO access failure.
After the above message is received, BSC release the
connection timer > Time interval between EST IND and HO DETECT (120~180ms). This is to make sure that the physical information reach MS.
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BTS (Original)
BSC
BTS (Target)
MSC
Channel_Activate T12++ Attempted incoming internal inter cell handoversT09++ Channel_Activate ACK Handover Command (Old FACCH) Handover Access (New FACCH)
T13++ Successful outgoing internal inter cell handovers RF Channel Release Handover Performed
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Internal inter cell radio handover success rate >= Internal inter cell handover success rate
HO Signaling process
Intra BSC Handover Intra MSC Handover
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BTS(original)
BSC1
MSC
BSC2
BTS (Target)
Measurement Report Measurement Report Attempted outgoing interBSC inter cell handovers Handover Required Handover Request
Attempted incoming interBSC inter cell handovers
Channel_Active Channel_Active_ACK
Handover Complete
HO Signaling process
Intra BSC Handover Intra MSC Handover
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VLR-B
BSC-B
MS
HO-REQUIRED
MAP_Prepare_HO_ACK
IAI
HO-REQUEST-ACK
HO-Command
ACM
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MS
BSC-A
VLR-B
BSC-B
MS
HO-REQUIRED
MAP_Prepare_HO_ACK
IAI
HO-REQUEST-ACK
HO-Command
ACM
90
MSC-B fails to identify the target cell. MSC-B does not allow HO to the indicated target cell. The target cell has no channel available. VLR-B has no HO number available. HO error or unsuitable data.
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Radio channel ack. (MAP) (includes New TCH number and HON)
IAI ACM Subsequent HO ack. HO COMMAND Send end signal (MAP) ANS End signal (MAP) CLEAR COMMAND Release (TUP) CLEAR COMPLETE Cut physical connection between MSCa and MSCb Release HO report Release HON HO DETECT HO COMPLETE
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~ ~
Release HO report
Release HON
MSC-A
MSC-B
MSC-C
MSC-C
Highway
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2.
3.
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MSC, with CGI of the serving cell and target cell carried in the message.
Intra BSC HO does not have any CGI in any messages,
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Question
What is the content of PHY INFO? When will the system send this message to MS? Why Internal inter cell radio handover success rate >= Internal inter cell handover success rate?
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Thank You