Types of Mortar

plaster mortar

sand: 0-4mm pumpability!

normal: 1:2,5 to 1:3 ( cement : sand -> volume) normal: 1:4 (cement : sand)

select binder acc. to setting time, water & air resistance requirements

floor screed

sand: 0-8mm pumpability!

admixtures: fibres -> density

shotcrete mortar

sand: 0-8mm

no site-mix delivered by RMC

admixtures: for very quick setting time

fire-proofing mortar

sand: 0-4mm pumpability!

no site-mix only ready-mix

admixtures: for fire-resistance mixing time normally >3 min => no MP25!

repair mortar

sand: 0-4mm pumpability!

no site-mix only ready-mix

admixtures: acc. to special requirements preferrably with worm pump

PMM / Jochen Knecht

01.07.2009

Types of Plaster Mortars according to binder

-> binder density

cement ++

lime/cement +

lime 0

gypsum --

water resistance
flexibility

++

-(not in wet areas => fungal problems)

--

++

finish (interior)

++

pumpability

PMM / Jochen Knecht

01.07.2009

Exterior plastering => which plaster type?

lime cement cement mortar

PMM / Jochen Knecht

01.07.2009

Interior plastering => which plaster type?

gypsum, lime, lime/cement or cement based plaster

READY MIXED or SITE MIX

PMM / Jochen Knecht

01.07.2009

Machine plastering material: ready-mix or site-mix?

Site-mix costs
plaster sand (?)

Ready-mix

availability

pumpability

? ?

plaster quality

operator errors

special properties, applications

PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009

Plaster sand grain size composition

< 0,125 mm (dust) 0,125 - 0,25 mm

dust is a must in the mixture in order to receive pumpable material

510% 510% 15 20% 12 18%

0,25 - 0,5 mm
0,5 - 1 mm

1 - 2 mm

10 15%

2 - 4 mm

30 40%

PMM / Jochen Knecht

01.07.2009

Washed sand

Washed sand, e.g. river sand

dust particles are missing => mortar is not pumpable!

0,125 - 0,25 mm 0,25 - 0,5 mm 0,5 - 1 mm

1 - 2 mm

2 - 4 mm
PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009

Example for dune sand (single grain sand)

0,5 mm single grain size

Material with this sand quality is not pumpable without optional: - stone powder - lime - fly ash - other chemical admixtures

How to test pumpability? 1. Fill material together with water into a bucket and mix properly 2. Wait for 10 min. 3. If water separates from material => mixture is NOT pumpable!

10 min.

PMM / Jochen Knecht

01.07.2009

Grain size composition of 4mm plaster sand

The ideal gradiation for mortar machines is between standard curves B4 and C4
Percentage Passing [%]

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 0,125 0,150 0,25 0,30 0,50 0,60 1 1,18 2 2,36 4 4,75

Particle Size [mm]

the content of fines (filler, clay, dirt) is very important for the The content of the fine particles (fillers, clay, dust) pumpability - the more the better !

is very important for the pumpability! But, if it is too much, cracks may occure due to the higher shrinkage.
PMM / J. Knecht

B4
29.02.2009

C4

Grain size composition of shotcrete sand

Shotcrete Aggregate Grading 3/8 inch

Percent By Mass Passing Individual Sieves [%]

100 100 90 85 80 80 70 60 60 50 40 30 30 20 10 0 0 10 10 2 No.100 = 150m No.50 = 300m No.30 = 600m No.16 = 1.18mm No.8 = 2.36mm 25

100 95

100

50

No.4 = 4.75mm

3/8inch = 9.5mm Sieve Size

PMM / J. Knecht

29.02.2009