Muscle Physiology

Cengca,Ma.Rhenea Co,MargaretFrancine Labao,JoremPaulo Quinto,Fenny

methodology
KYMOGRAPH SET-UP:

Wax paper is attached to the drum of the kymograph

methodology
KYMOGRAPH SET-UP:

The wax paper is then smoked using kerosene lamp until completely covered with soot

methodology
Muscle Preparation:

Pith one frog and strip off one leg

methodology
Muscle Preparation:

Cut the Achilles tendon at the most distal end on plantar surface

methodology
Muscle Preparation:

Lift the gastrocnemius away from the shank until it hangs from the point of origin

methodology
Muscle Preparation:

Remove the tibiofibula and adhering muscles

methodology
Muscle Preparation:

Remove the tibiofibula and adhering muscles

methodology
Muscle Preparation:

Cut the distal 1/3 of the thigh and excess muscles of the femur

methodology
Muscle Preparation:

Attach muscle to the kymograph

methodology
A. Simple twitch

Stimulate the muscle once by closing the switch

methodology
B. Summation

Stimulate the muscle twice with no more than a half second in between

methodology
C. Staircase

Stimulate the muscle at least 5 times, while increasing duration and intensity

methodology
C . Te t a n u s

Stimulate the muscle continuously until it no longer responds

discussion
Simple Muscle Twitch Occurs from a single shock

Presents as a single wave on the graph tracings Latent, Contraction, Relaxation

discussion
Summation Occurs from a double shock

Presents as double waves, the second higher than the first Increased frequency-> stronger contraction

discussion
Summation Succesive shocks-> less time to relax There is a summation of contraction

discussion
Summation Rapid stimulus-> less time to remove Ca from sarcoplasm

Rapid & Successive stimulus -> Inc in Ca levels More Ca -> more cross bridges -> stronger contraction

discussion
Tre p p e o r S ta i rc a s e Occurs from a successive shocks Presents as a group of waves each higher than the last Longer and greater intensity-> greater contraction and less time for relaxation

discussion
Tr e p p e o r S t a i rc a s e Ca levels increase gradually with every shock There is not enough time to recapture Ca ions

discussion
Te t a n u s

Incomplete: Rapid Successive stimuli Presents as a group of waves in graph, similar to summation Reaches a plateau->prolonged contraction

discussion
Te t a n u s

Complete: Increased rapid stimuli

Increases contraction until there is no more time for relaxation

discussion
Te t a n u s

Complete:
Rapid occurrence of Action Potentials No more time to reclaim Ca ions High Ca levels->prolongs the contraction

references
Muscle Physiology. (nd) Siao, Taggard. Retrieved July 29, 2013 from http://www.scribd.com/doc/102143822/ Muscle-PhysiologyZZZ