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An Overview On Education in India
An Overview On Education in India
In India the Guru or the teacher is held in high esteem. Indeed, there is an understanding that if the devotee were presented with the guru and God, first he would pay respect to the guru, since the guru had been instrumental in leading him to God
Gurukul system of education The gurudakshina is a traditional gesture of acknowledgment, respect and thanks
NALANDA UNIVERSITY
There were universities like Taxila, Ujjain, Kanchi etc. for medicine and learning including mathematics and astronomy.
Education of Indians had become a topic of interest among East India Company officials. The policys goal was to advance knowledge of Indians and to employ that knowledge in the East India Company
The British Parliament formed a petition in support of both establishing and adequately funding university education in India which helped in shaping the education system of India.
UNIVERSITY OF BOMBAY
Following independence in 1947, MAULANA AZAD, India's first education minister recommended strong central government control over education throughout the country, with a uniform educational system
The Indian government lays great emphasis to primary education up to the age of fourteen years (referred to as Elementary Education in India.) The Indian government has also banned child labour in order to ensure that the children do not enter unsafe working conditions. Education has also been made free for children for six to 16 years of age. The District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) was launched in 1994 with an aim to universalize primary education in India by reforming and vitalizing the existing primary education system
The Mid-day Meal Scheme is the popular name for school meal programme in India. It involves provision of lunch free of cost to school-children on all working days with an objective to: increase school enrolment and attendance, improve socialisation among children belonging to all castes and addressing malnutrition.
RIGHT TO EDUCATION
The current scheme for universalization of Education for All is the SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN which is one of the largest education initiatives in the world.
Every child between the ages of 6 to 14 years has the right to free and compulsory education. The government schools shall provide free education to all the children. Private schools shall admit at least 25% of the children in their schools without any fee.
In our national perception, Education refines sensitivities and perceptions that contribute to national cohesion, a scientific temper and independence of mind and spirit - thus furthering the goals of socialism, secularism and democracy enshrined in our Constitution.
The government is committed to providing education through mainstream schools for children with disabilities. The need for inclusive education arises precisely because it is now well understood that most children with disabilities can, with motivation and effort on the part of teaching institutions, become an integral part of those institutions.
Significant feature of India's secondary school system is the emphasis on inclusion of the disadvantaged sections of the society. Another feature of India's secondary school system is its emphasis on profession based vocational training to help students attain skills for finding a vocation of his/her choosing.
The Secondary education is supported by the following organizations under the administrative control of the Union Department of Education: National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)
The CBSE was set up by a special resolution of the Government of India in 1929 at Ajmer with a view to play a useful role in the field of Secondary Education and to raise its standard. The CBSE has constantly been engaged in process of curriculum design, in-service teacher empowerment programmes and development of textual material.
CBSE has introduced CONTINUOUS AND COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION (CCE) at the secondary level. The scheme of CCE discourages mechanical testing. It envisages employment of variety of tools and techniques for assessment in informal and formal settings which are more interesting, relevant and meaningful and involve learners for greater participation and learning
1950-51
Higher Educaton
1960-61
Level Of Education
Higher Educaton Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-XII) Upper Primary (VIVIII) Primary (I-V) -200 -100 0 100 No. of Students 200
Level Of Education
Female
Male
-300
1970-71
Higher Educaton
1980-81
Higher Educaton
Level Of Education
Level Of Education
Female Male
-400
-200
0 No. of Students
200
400
-600
-400
-200
0 No. of Students
200
400
2000-01
Higher Educaton
2005-06
Higher Educaton
Level Of Education
Level Of Education
800
600
400
200
400
600
1,000.00
500.00
500.00
1,000.00
2006-07
Level Of Education
Higher Educaton
2007-08
Level Of Education
Higher Educaton
Secondary/Senior Senior(XIXII) Upper Primary (VI-VIII) Primary (I-V) 500.00 0.00 No. of Students 500.00 1,000.00
Female Male
Primary (I-V)
500.00 0.00 No. of Students 500.00 1,000.00 1,000.00
1,000.00
NCERT is an autonomous body fully funded by the Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD) The NCERT was established in 1961. It functions as a resource centre in the field of school education and teacher education. Publication of school textbooks and other educational material like teachers guides/manuals etc. are its major functions. It aims at making environmental education an integral part of curriculum in school education.
India's higher education system is the third largest in the world, after China and the United States.
Higher education in India has evolved in divergent streams with each stream monitored by an apex body UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISION- organisation set up
by Union government in 1956, for the coordination, determination and maintenance of standards of university education, indirectly controlled by
the Ministry of Human Resource Development. Most universities are administered by the States, but there are 18 important universities called Central Universities, which are maintained by the Union Government.
Delhi Chief Minister Ms.Sheila Dikshit launched the Ladli. Under the scheme, the state government intends to deposit Rs.100,000 in the account of every girl child (belonging to a particular income group) by the time she attains the age of 18.
As per the scheme, the government will deposit Rs.10,000 in the name of a girl child at the time of her birth and Rs.5,000 each at the time of admission to Class I, VI, IX, X and XII to encourage her education.
Maths labs are a part of the infrastructure along with physics, chemistry, biology , psychology, home science and computers.
Literacy Rate is a number of literates in the age group of 7 year and above expressed as percentage of total corresponding population Indias Male Female Literacy Rate (Year wise)
Male Female
27.20
1951
8.9
40.40
1961
15.4
46.00
1971
22
56.40
1981
29.8
64.10
1991
39.3
75.30
2000
53.7
82.10
2011
65.5
Pyramid Showing the Level-wise enrolment in schools/colleges by students in the year of 2009-2010
Level-wise Enrolment in School in 2009-10
Ph.D Post graduate Graduate
Polytechnics
Female
11-12 9-10 6-8 1-5
100 75 50 25 0 25 50 75
Male
Year
Male 2000-01 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09P 2009-10P 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 500 1,000 1,500 Female
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
Male 2000-01 Female
Year
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
Teachers in Secondary IX - X
No. of Teachers (in Thousands)
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
Year
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
Year
Female Male
Students (in %)
Year
Students (in %)
2008-09P
2007-08
2006-07
2005-06
Year
1990-91
1980-81
1970-71
1960-61
100
80
60
40
20
20
40
60
80
100
Students (in %)
State
Urban Rural
-1E+08
-80000000
-60000000
-40000000
-20000000
Population
20000000
40000000
60000000
State
-150
-100
-50
0
Literacy rate
50
100
150
We give them roots, we give them wings And great joys from, little things, A hope that they will soar , A hope that they will try, We are sure that one day , Our children will learn to fly.