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2600T Sensor Technology
2600T Sensor Technology
Sensor Technology
ABB
Electronic 3rd
1985-1999
Open loop
50% Mechanics 40% Digital 10% Analog 50% Mechanics 45% Digital 5% Analog
Electronic 4th
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1995-to future
Open loop
ABB
0.5
Communication Output Signal
Accuracy 0,5 %
: 15 psig 3: 50 mA to 4-20 mA 10 -
4: 20 mA
4: 20 mA plus Digital Low Speed Smart
0.1
ABB Instrumentation spa - 3
0,05 %
1970
1980
1990
2000
ABB
1972 - Rosemount first Alphaline capacitive sensor open loop transmitter: analog electronics
ABB
1985 - Rosemount first smart HART transmitter processor electronics: capacitive sensor
ABB
inductive sensor 1992 - Rosemount 1151-S redesign processor electronics: capacitive sensor
ABB
ABB
Sensor requirements
Very sensitive to input primary variable (pressure): high gauge factor Insensitive to other influencing variables (ambient temperature, vibration, etc.)
Stable and repeatable Capable to be supplied with minimum electronic power, due to power limitation for application in industrial processes
ABB
Resonant structure
Piezoelectric effect Modulation of light
(Resonant)
ABB
Sensor implemantation
mechanical cell mechanical/ceramic/silicon cell bonded strain gauges on mechanical devices to which a force is applied or silicon cell with diffused resistance silicon cell with vibrating beams
Resonant:
ABB
Inductive sensors
L= K x+b + a
P1
P2
L1
L2
L0 ~ 1.5 m H
L = 0.3 m H
to LC resonant circuit ferrite diaphragm
L0
x0
ABB
Advantages
Integral overpressure protection Simple mechanical design Output signal very high Very high output/Input signal ratio Easy signal conversion
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Disadvantages
Low measuring circuit impedance requires more energy
In-house technology
ABB
Capacitive sensors
diaphragm
C=
P1
P2
K x
C0 ~ 50100 pF
C = 10 pF
C1
C2
C0
Measuring diaphragm
x0
ABB
Advantages
Simple mechanical design Output signal relatively high Easy signal conversion In-house technology
Disadvantages
Difficulties in metal/glass bonding High measuring circuit impedance means susceptibility to noise is more. Error due to the changes in the dielectric constant of the filling liquid
ABB
R= K x
R
Metal cores Strain gages array (bonded or made directly on the substrate)
+
Measuring diaphragm
Substrate
Bonding
ABB
Advantages
Relatively low cost
Disadvantages
Overpressure protection not integral in the sensor (difficulties to Known manufacturing technology obtain a reliable protection) Good intrinsic linearity Large errors due to inherent temperature effects. Dependency on silicon suppliers
ABB Instrumentation spa - 16
ABB
Resonant sensors
Vibration direction Stress (S) f = (S) f0 ~ 40 KHz
f = 3 KHz
Stress (S)
Vibration direction
Resonator Excitation
f0
ABB Instrumentation spa - 17
- URL + URL
ABB
Advantages
Good repeatability Signal amplitude independent. Good intrinsic linearity
Disadvantages
Complex technology Overpressure protection not integral in the sensor Very high response time due to critical beam excitations.
ABB
2600T series
Sensor characteristics
Overrange protection Temperature effects Mechanical design Long term stability
Technology
Respnse time
Susceptibility
Repeatibiliy
Conversion
Resistive Resonating
ABB
Complexity
Amplitude
Linearity
Property
Power
Resistive
Linearity
Capacitive
Mechanical design
Resonating
Amplitude Repeatibiliy Long term stability Temperature effects Susceptibility Power Conversion Overrange protection Response time Property Complexity
Principles Inductive
Sensor characteristics Technology
ABB
Resistive
Mechanical design Linearity Amplitude Repeatibiliy Long term stability Temperature effects Susceptibility Power Conversion Overrange protection Response time Property Complexity
Principles Inductive
ABB
SIEMENS FUJI
ABB
ABB
ABB