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Participle Clauses
Participle Clauses
By films Society, and you television The participate Research joining Military Roman can By joining The Roman Military Research Society, you can participate in films and television programmes.
2. species. conditions, Neanderthals tough Having a inhospitable were lived through Having lived through inhospitable conditions, Neanderthals were a tough species.
3. family When advisable your work backwards. it is to history exploring When exploring your family history it is advisable to work backwards.
Participle Clauses
They give more information, or describe the time, manner or result of the event in the main clause. Noticing the door was open, I walked in. [= I noticed the door was open, and I walked in]. When placed before the main clause, it refers to its subject. Walking up the street, I heard a bell ring. [= I was walking up the street and I heard a bell ring]. When placed after the main clause, it refers either to its subject or object (if there is one). We saw Jim walking up the street. [= We saw Jim while he was walking up the street]. The boat struck a rock, throwing the crew into the sea. [= When the boat struck a rock, the crew was thrown into the sea].
Participle Clauses
Only passive participles can sometimes be shortened: Having been introduced to the president, he could think of nothing to say. Introduced to the president, he could think of nothing to say.
On hearing a noise at the window, I looked out. [ON = an event immediately followed by another]. In trying to adjust the heating system, I managed to break it completely. [IN = one event causes a consequence].
Being afraid to go on my own, I asked Sam to go with me. [= Because I was afraid to go on my own, I asked Sam to go with me].
Having been offered a higher salary, I took the job. [= I was offered a higher salary, so I took the job].
His ears bursting from the water pressure, he rose to the surface. All three goals were excellent, the first one being the best, I think.
There being no further time today, the meeting will continue in the morning. It being a Sunday, there were fewer trains than usual.
With blood pouring from his wounds, he staggered into the room. Without making a sound, she opened the door.