INTERNATIONAL BANKING & FINANCE

TOPIC:
Pakistani rupee SUBMITTED TO: PROF.ANUPAM MOGhE

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION HISTORY MAJOR EVENTS CURRENT VALUATION BALANCE OF PAYMENT OF PAKISTAN STATE BANK OF PAKISTAN CONCLUSION

HISTORY
The word rupee is derived from Sanskrit word it means silver. The official name of Pakistani currency is rupee. Which is denoted as PKR, which is come into circulation after British rule. The currency circulation in Pakistan controlled by state bank of Pakistan which is central bank of Pakistan.

 The Pakistani rupee was introduced by sher shah suri in 1540 to 1945.

MAJOR EVENTS
In 1948 were introduced in denomination of 1pice,1 and 2 annas and 1/2 rupee.

1rupee coin were introduced in1979.

The government of Pakistan started providing 1,10, 20, 100 rupee note in 1948.

CURRENT VALUATION OF PAKISTANI RUPEE

1 INDIAN RUPEE= 1.67 PAKISTANI RUPEE

BALANCE OF PAYMENT OF PAKISTAN

In economics, the balance of payments, (or BOP) measures the payments that flow between any individual country and all other countries. The BOP is determined by the country's exports and imports of goods, services, and financial capital, as well as financial transfers. Balance of payments is one of the major indicators of a country's status in international trade, with net capital outflow

 Balance of payments is one of the major indicators of a country's status in international trade, with net capital outflow.
The balance of payments comprises the current account, the capital account, and the financial account. The current account consists of the goods and services account, The financial account records transactions that involve financial assets and liabilities and that take place between residents and nonresidents.

 The capital account in the international accounts shows (1) capital transfers receivable and payable; and (2) the acquisition and disposal of non-produced non-financial assets. Pakistan has a huge trade deficit, and our exports are very low. Pakistan is also a developing economy. Some of the items of its exports are oil seed, cotton, rice, wool, fish fresh, chilled frozen, tobacco etc. Main export items are rice and Cotton.

FACTORS CAUSING DEVALUATION

Foreign Currency Reserves falling $800 to $900 per month. Law and Order situation. Flight out capital $70 million a day. Gap between import and export bill. Downgraded credit rating by International Rating Agency Standard & Poors and Moodys. Inflation rate more than 25%. Widening Current Account Deficit. Heavy Government borrowing to cover budget deficit.

COMPARISON BETWEEN OTHER CURRENCY

1 US DOLLAR =107.85 PAKISTANI RUPEE 1 JAPANEES YEN = 1.05433 PAKISATNI RUPEE 1 BRITISH POUND = 160.87 PAKISATNI RUPEE 1 EURO= 137.60 PAKISATNI RUPEE

1 IRAQI DINAR = 1.2008 PAKISTANI RUPEES 1 SAUDI RIYAL = 27.42 PAKISTANI RUPEE 1 UAE DIRHAN = 1.2008 PAKISTANI RUPEES 1 INDIAN RUPEE= 1.67 PAKISTANI RUPEE

CENTRAL BANK OF PAKISTAN

GOVERNOR OF STATE BANK OF PAKISTAN

Yaseen Anwar.

 The State Bank of Pakistan is the central bank of Pakistan. While its constitution, as originally laid down in the State Bank of Pakistan Order 1948, remained basically unchanged until January 1, 1974, when the bank was nationalized, the scope of its functions was considerably enlarged. The State Bank of Pakistan Act 1956,[1] with subsequent amendments, forms the basis of its operations today. The headquarters are located in the financial capital of Pakistan, Karachi with its second headquarters in the capital, Islamabad. The principal officer of the SBP is the Governor. The current Governor of State Bank of Pakistan is Yaseen Anwar. The Central Board consists of nine members: the Governor (who is Chairman), the Secretary, Finance Division, Government of Pakistan and seven Directors, including one Director from each Province, to be nominated by the Federal Government ensuring representation to agriculture, banking and industrial sectors. The Directors are appointed for terms of up to three years.