WR_004_E1

WCDMA Basic Theory

Channels Structure and Function

V0507

ZTE University
3G Course Team

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Course Objectives

Classification of channels
Structure and Function of channels

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Agenda

Classification of channels
Structure and Function of channels

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Channel Type

UE

Physical channel Transport channel

Node B

RNC

Logical channel
Logical channel Transport channel Physical channel

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Channel Type

Logical channels:
describe what is transported (i.e., the types of information to be transmitted)

Transport channels: describe how the logical channels are to be transmitted

Physical channels:

represent the transmission media providing the

platform through which the information is actually transferred
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

WCDMA Channels

Logical Transport Characterize how data is transmitted Provide services to the upper layer

Mapped to physical channels

Common transport channel Dedicated transport channels

Physical Carry one or more transport channels

Responsible for transporting data over the air

Identified by carrier frequency, orthogonal code, relative phase One radio frame is: 10 milliseconds in duration Divided into 15 time slots Each slot has a duration of 0.625 milliseconds

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Protocol stack of the Uu interface

GC Nt DC Duplication avoidance GC C-plane signalling Nt DC UuS boundary U-plane information

RRC

control

L3
Radio Bearers PDCP PDCP

control

control

control control

L2/PDCP
BMC

L2/BMC

RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC

RLC

L2/RLC

Logical Channels MAC

L2/MAC
Transport Channels

PHY

L1

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Concept of channel

RLC layer Logical channel MAC layer Transport channel PHY layer

L2

L1

Physical channel

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Logical Channels

Logical Channel lies between MAC Layer and RLC Layer.

There are the following types of logical channels according

to the content of transport information: Control Channel (CCH)
Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
Paging Control Channel (PCCH) Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)

Common Control Channel (CCCH)

Traffic Channel (TCH)

Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)

Common Traffic Channel (CTCH)

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Overview of Logical Channels (1)

Control Channels Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)

A downlink channel for broadcasting system control information

Paging Control Channel (PCCH) A downlink channel that transfers paging information Common Control Channel (CCCH) Bi-directional channel for transmitting control information between network and UEs Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) A point-to-point bi-directional channel that transmits dedicated control information between a UE and the network ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

Overview of Logical Channels (2)

Traffic Channels Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH) Point-to-point channel in the uplink or downlink, dedicated to one UE, for the transfer of user information Common Traffic Channel (CTCH) Point-to-multipoint unidirectional channel for transfer of dedicated user information for all or a group of specified UEs

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Transport Channels(1)

The transport channel:

The transport channel primarily defines how data are transported and in what characteristic they are

transported, for example, interval of transport and the

number and size of blocks transported during each interval.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Transport Channel(2)

Common Transport Channels

Broadcast Channel (BCH) Paging Channel (PCH) Random Access Channel (RACH) Forward Access Channel (FACH) Common Packet Channel (CPCH) Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH)

Dedicated Transport Channels

Dedicated Channel (DCH)

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Transport Channels(3)

There are the following types of transport channels: Random Access Channel (RACH): As an uplink common channel, it is used to transport packets small in size, for example, initial access information, non-realtime control information and user information. Common Packet Channel (CPCH): Also an uplink common channel, it is used to transport some burst packets. Forward Access Channel (FACH): As a downlink common channel, it is used to transport some packets small in size.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Transport Channels(4)

Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH): It is used to bear dedicated control or user information. Broadcast Channel (BCH): As a downlink channel, it is used to broadcast information throughout a cell.

Paging Channel (PCH):

It is used to transport paging and notification information in the downlink direction.

Dedicated Channel (DCH): As a bi-directional channel, it is private for each user, and is used to transport user data and high-layer control information.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Transport Channels vs. Physical Channels

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Physical Channel
Uplink Physical Channels Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH) Dedicated Physical Channel (DPCH) Downlink Physical Channels Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Primary Common Control Physical Channel (P-CCPCH) Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (S-CCPCH) Synchronisation Channel (SCH) Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH) Page Indication Channel (PICH) Dedicated Physical Channel (DPCH)

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Mapping relationship(1)

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Mapping relationship(2)
Transport Channels
DCH

Physical Channels
Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH) Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH)

RACH CPCH

Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH) Common Pilot Channel (CPICH)

BCH FACH PCH

Primary Common Control Physical Channel (P-CCPCH) Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (S-CCPCH)

Synchronisation Channel (SCH) DSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH) Page Indication Channel (PICH)
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Physical Layer (L1)

The specific functions of the physical layer are:

providing data transmission to MAC through the transmission channel diversity combination transmission channel error indication match of the transmission channel rate to the physical channel after coding mapping from CCTrCHs to the physical channel spread spectrum and modulation/despread and demodulation

frequency synchronization, time synchronization

radio characteristic measurement (SIR and power interference), closed loop power control, and RF processing

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

MAC Layer (L2)

The specific functions of the MAC (Media Access Control) protocol are:
mapping between the logic and transmission channels selection of an adequate transmission format for every transmission channel

priority processing between UE data streams

multiplex of higher-layer PDU to transmission blocks transmitted to the physical layer through the transmission channel multiple of transmission blocks from the physical layer to higherlayer PDU through the transmission channel

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

RLC layer (L2)

The specific functions of the RLC (Radio Link Control) protocol are: segmentation and reassembly padding, user data transfer sequence-based transmission of higher-layer PDU in error detection, copy check flow control serial number check of the unauthenticated data transfer mode protocol error check and recovery, ciphering on the control plane, it provides the RRC sublayer with signaling radio bearer services, on the user plane, it provides service radio bearer services together with the PDCP sublayer

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

PDCP Layer (L2)

The specific functions of PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) are: header compression and decompression of IP data streams in the transmitting and receiving entities respectively transmission of user data forwarding of PDCP-SDU sent from a non-access layer to the RLC layer multiplex of multiple different RBs to one RLC entity.

PDCP only exists in the packet domain, which is used to adapt different types of network layer protocols to the radio interface

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Broadcast /Multicast Control (BMC)

Supports

broadcast/multicast

transmission

services

(Cell

Broadcast messages) in the user plane for common data transfer in unacknowledge mode

Storage of cell broadcast messages

Traffic

volume

monitoring

and

radio

resource

request

(appropriate CTCH/FACH )

Scheduling of BMC messages

Transmission of BMC messages to the UE

UE: Delivery of Cell Broadcast messages to upper layers.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

RRC (L3)

The specific functions of the RRC protocol are:

setup, maintenance and release of a RRC connection between UE and UTRAN setup, reconfiguration and release of radio bearer distribution, reconfiguration and release of radio resources used in the RRC connection RRC connections mobility function management routing for the higher-layer PDU request for QoS control

UE measurement report and report control

outer loop power control ciphering control, paging initial cell selection and reselection in the idle mode

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Data Flow in Uu interface

High Layer

High Layer PDU

High Layer PDU

RLC SDU

RLC SDU
reassembly segmentation

L2 RLC
RLC Header

RLC Header

L2 MAC

MAC Header

MAC SDU

MAC Header

MAC SDU

Transport Block

Transport Block

L1
CRC

CRC

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Agenda

Classification of channels
Function of channels

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

WCDMA frame structure

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Physical Channels(1)

Radio frame One radio frame has a period of 10ms, and comprises 15 timeslots with the same length. Corresponding to 38400 chips, it is a basic unit of the physical layer.

Timeslot A timeslot is a unit composed of a bit domain, corresponding to 2560 chips. The bit number and structure of a timeslot depends on the specific type of the physical channel.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Physical Channels(2)

The frame structure of the physical channels is shown:

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Physical Channel

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

WCDMA Downlink Physical Channels

Common Downlink Physical Channels P-CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel (Primary) SCH Broadcasts cell site information Broadcasts cell SFN; Timing reference for all DL 32kps SF 256 continues transmission Synchronization Channel Fast Synch. P frame, S slot, time-multiplexed with P-CCPCH Transmits idle-mode signaling and control information to UE s Variable rate, with DTX Common Pilot Channel

3GPP TS 25.212

S-CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel (Secondary)

P-CPICH

S-CPICH
PDSCH

Secondary Common Pilot Channel (for sectored cells)

Physical Downlink Shared Channel

Transmits high-speed data to multiple users

Dedicated Downlink Physical Channels DPDCH DPCCH Dedicated Downlink Physical Data Channel Dedicated Downlink Physical Control Channel

Transmits connection-mode signaling and control to UE s

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Downlink Indicator Channels

AICH (Acquisition Indicator Channel) Acknowledges that BS has acquired a UE Random Access attempt (Echoes the UE s Random Access signature) PICH (Page Indicator Channel) Informs a UE to monitor the next paging frame AP-AICH (Access Preamble Indicator Channel) Acknowledges that BS has acquired a UE Packet Access attempt Echoes the UE S Packet Access signature) CD/CA-ICH Confirms that there is no ambiguity between UE in a Packet Access attempt (Echoes the UE s Packet Access Collision Detection signature) Optionally provides available Packet channel assignments CSICH Broadcasts status information regarding packet channel availability

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

WCDMA Uplink Physical Channels

Common Uplink Physical Channels PRACH PCPCH Physical Random Access Channel

3GPP TS 25.212

Used by UE to initiate access to BS

Physical Common Packet Channel Used by UE to send connectionless packet data

Dedicated Uplink Physical Channels

DPDCH DPCCH Dedicated Uplink Physical Data Channel Dedicated Uplink Physical Control Channel

Transmits connection-mode signaling and control to BS

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

MODULATION

UTRA uses a base spreading rate of 3.84 Mcps in 5 MHZ bandwidth Variable data rates are provided QPSK Modulation (I and Q components) Reverse-link Mapping DPDCH -> I and DPCCH -> Q. Forward-link: DPDCH & DPCCH are time multiplexed into I & Q components.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Downlink spreading and Modulation

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Uplink spreading and Modulation

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

PRACH
Data Data Ndata bits Pilot Control Npilot bits Tslot = 2560 chips, 10*2k bits (k=0..3) TFCI NTFCI bits

Slot #0

Slot #1

Slot #i Message part radio frameRACH T = 10 ms

Slot #14

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Synchronization Channel (1)

The Synchronization Channel (SCH) is a downlink signal used for cell search.

The SCH consists of two sub channels, the Primary and Secondary
SCH. The 10 ms radio frames of the Primary and Secondary SCH are divided into 15 slots, each of length 2560 chips.

Structure of synchronization channel

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Synchronization Channel (2)

P-SCH
The Primary SCH consists of a modulated code of length 256 chips The primary synchronization code (PSC) is transmitted once every slot

The PSC is the same for every cell in the system.

S-SCH The Secondary SCH consists of repeatedly transmitting a length 15 sequence of modulated codes of length 256 chips.

the Secondary Synchronization Codes (SSC), transmitted in parallel with the Primary SCH.
Each SSC is chosen from a set of 16 different codes of length 256. This sequence on the Secondary SCH indicates which of the code groups the cell's downlink scrambling code belongs to. ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

CPICH

Unmodulated code channel with spreading factor 256 which is scrambles

with the cell-specific primary scrambling code. Provides a known reference signal to aid channel estimation. (Amplitude and phase information for the Rake receiver and SIR estimator)

There are two kinds of pilot signals

Primary: Cell/sector specific primary scrambling code to be used for the whole cell/sector Secondary: A secondary scrambling code with or without a channelisation code of length 256 to be used in a narrow beam (Adaptive antennas/Beam steering) e.g. hot spot areas.

Primary CPICH channel power defines the handover regions .I.e. cell boundaries .By adjusting the CPICH channel powers of two neighbouring base stations, the traffic load can be balanced between them.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

WCDMA Code Types

Synchronization Codes
Primary Sync. Code: Fixed 256-bit code Unmodulated fixed for all cells

Helps UE identify the presence of a WCDMA BS

Helps UE achieve Slot Synchronization Secondary Sync. Codes: 256-bit codes Unmodulated different for different cells (group 64) Pilot Codes Common (CPICH) provides coherent reference for UE receiver Pilot bits embedded into each time slot of the DCH
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Tasks of Uplink receiver

DPCCH is received and despreaded decoded in a slot by slot manner while the DPDCH is first buffered and then decoded together with other frames that were jointly coded with it (interleaved)

For every slot

A channel estimate (amplitude and phase) and SIR estimate are made based on the received pilot bits. Based on SIR determine downlink power control command and send it Decode the TPC bit and adjust downlink transmission power accordingly

For every second or fourth slot Decode FBI bits over two or four slots and adjust antenna phase and/or amplitude accordingly depending on tranmission diversity mode

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Tasks of Uplink receiver

For every 10 ms frame Decode TFCI and obtain the bit rate and channel decoding parameters for DPDCH

For Transmission Time Interval (TTI), i.e. how often data must be delivered to higher layer protocol (10-80 ms),

decode DPDCH

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Tasks of Downlink receiver

The same as in uplink except

In downlink, the dedicated channel bit rate is constant (except the bit rate of Downlink Shared Channel DSCH which can vary) FBI bits are not used There is a Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) available which can be used to increase the accuracy of channel and SIR

estimates
If transmission diversity option is used receiver must estimate the channel state for the two different pilot patterns provided by the antennas
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Downlink Multiplexing

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Uplink Multiplexing

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Acquisition

On Power-up, the mobile attempts to find a channel. Node B send s exactly the same 256 chip code in same slot (Primary SCH) Mobile achieves slot level synchronization After that, Mobile looks for the 10 msec frame. Now Secondary SCH is searched. There are 512 possible cell specific scrambling codes divided in to 32 groups. Mobile tries 16 possible codes in parallel.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Cell search procedure (1)

The cell search is typically carried out in three steps:

Step1:Slotsynchronization

During the first step of the cell search procedure the UE

uses the SCH's primary synchronization code to acquire

slot synchronization to a cell.

This is typically done with a single matched filter (or any similar device) matched to the primary synchronization code which is common to all cells. The slot timing of the cell can be obtained by detecting peaks in the matched filter output.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Cell search procedure (2)

Step2:

Frame

synchronization identification

and

code-group

During the second step of the cell search procedure, the

UE uses the SCH's secondary synchronization code to

find frame synchronization and identify the code group of the cell found in the first step.

This is done by correlating the received signal with all

possible secondary synchronization code sequences, and identifying the maximum correlation value. Since the cyclic shifts of the sequences are unique the code group as well as the frame synchronization is determined.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Cell search procedure (3)

Step3: Scrambling-code identification

During the third and last step of the cell search procedure,
the UE determines the exact primary scrambling code used by the found cell.

The primary scrambling code is typically identified through symbol-by-symbol correlation over the CPICH with all codes within the code group identified in the second step.

After the primary scrambling code has been identified, the Primary CCPCH can be detected and the system- and cell specific BCH information can be read.

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Cell procedure

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Summary of the process

Channel
Primary SCH

Synchronization acquired
Chip, Slot, Symbol Synchronization

Note
Synchronization 256 chips The same in all cells 15-code sequence of secondary synchronization

Secondary SCH

Frame Synchronization, Code Group

codes. There are 16 secondary synchronization codes. There are 64 S-SCH sequences

(one of 64)

corresponding to the 64 scrambling code groups 256

chips, different for different cells and slot intervals

Common Pilot CH PCCPCH

Scrambling code (one of 8) Synchronization, BCCH info

To find the primary scrambling code from common pilot CH Fixed 30 kbps channel spreading factor 256

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

RACH procedure

UE decodes BCH to find out the available RACH sub-channels and their scrambling codes and signatures
It selects randomly one of the available sub-channels and signatures The downlink power is measured and the initial RACH power level is set with a proper margin due to open loop inaccuracy UE transmits 1 ms long preamble with the selected signature Node B replies by repeating the preamble using Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH)

UE decodes AICH message to see whether the NodeB has detected the preamble
If AICH is not detected, the preamble is resend with 1 dB higher transmit power

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

If AICH is detected, a 10 or 20 ms long message part is transmitted with the same power as the last preamble ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn

RACH procedure

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Packet access in downlink

Forward Access Channel

Corresponds to RACH in uplink. I. e. for transmitting control signaling and small user data packets. Does not support fast power control, but slow power control based on received frame quality feedback can be applied if the packet is long. Macro diversity combining is not supported. FACH can be decoded by all the users within the cell. The data rate of FACH should be small to minimize interference. FACH is usually multiplexed with the paging channel to the same Secondary Common Physical Channel (S-CCPCH)

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Paging

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Idle to Connected mode

Cell search procedure by scanning BCH

Camp on a cell IDLE mode

Listens to BCH (In order to communicate with UTRAN)

RRC Connection -> CONNECTED mode

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Modes and States - RRC Modes

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn

Thanks for your Attention!

The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.

ZTE University

univ.zte.com.cn