Footing

Example # 1
Design a combined footing, to support two columns A and B spaced
at distance 6.0 m center-to-center as shown in Figure Column A is
0.4mx0.4m and carries a dead load of 500kNs and a live load of
300kNs Column B is also 0.4mx0.4m in cross section but carries a
dead load of 750 kNs and a live load of 450 kNs.
Use fc= 25 MPa , fy = 420 MPa, and qall net = 150 kpa
A

B
0.4

Property
limit

0.4

0.4

0.4

PD=500kN

PD=750kN

PL=300kN

PL=450kN

?? m
6m

?? m

Footing
Solution
1- Establish the required base area of the footing
P PB 500 300 750 450
Ag A

13.33 m 2
q all(net)
150
To locate the resultant of the column forces
A
Ps=800kN

Ps=2000kN

Ps=1200kN

X=3.8 m
0.2 m

6m

M@start =0.0 800(0.2)+1200 (6,2) =2000 (x) x= 3.8 m

A
Ps=800kN

Ps=2000kN

B
Ps=1200kN

X=3.8 m

X=3.8 m

Footing
Solution
Length of footing L=2 (3.80) = 7.60m
Width of footing B =13.33/7.6 =1.754 m , taken as 1.80 m.
2- Evaluate the net factored soil pressure

PA,u 1.2500 1.6(300) 1080 kN

PB, u 1.2750 1.6(450) 1620 kN
qu

PA,u PB, u
A

1080 1620
197.4 kPa
7.61.8

3- Select a trial footing depth

Assume that the footing is 0.8 m thick

Effective depth d = 800 75 10 = 715 mm

Footing
Solution
4- Check footing thickness for punching shear
B

Column A

1115

1115

1.8 m

1115

758
7.6 m

The factored shear force Vu =1080197.4(1.115)(0.758) =914 kN

b =2(400+715/2)+400+715=2630 mm

VC is the smallest of

1
3

12

f c ' bo d 0.75

1
2630 715
25
2350 kN control
3
1000

s d
1
30 715 2630 715

bo d 0.75
f c' 2
25 2
5968 kN

b
12
2630
1000

Vc = 2350 kN > Vu= 914

OK

Footing
Solution
4- Check footing thickness for punching shear [contd.]
B

Column B

1115

1115

1.8 m

1115

758
7.6 m

The factored shear force Vu =1620197.4(1.115)2 =1375 kN

b =4(400+715)=4460 mm

VC is the smallest of

1
3

12

f c ' bo d 0.75

1
4460 715
25
3986 kN control
3
1000

s d
1
40 715 4460 715

bo d 0.75
f c' 2
25 2
8383 kN

b
12
4460
1000

Vc = 3986 kN > Vu= 1375

OK

Footing
Solution
5- Draw S.F.D and B.M.D for footing
1620 kN

1080kN

197.37 x1.8=
355.26 kN/m
2.84 m

0.915

71

1009

1122.6

798

497.4
1425.7

7.10
348

Footing
Solution

6- Compute the areas of flexural reinforcement

a) Top longitudinal reinforcement

0.85 25
2 106 * 1425.7

1 - 1 0.00428
2
420
0.90.8525* 715 * 1800
As,req 0.00428 1800 715 5508 mm 2 ,Use 18 20mm

Footing
Solution
b) Bottom longitudinal reinforcement

0.85 25
2 106 * 348

1 - 1 0.00101 min
2
420
0.90.8525* 715 * 1800
As,req As,min 0.0018 1800 800 2592 mm2 ,Use 1316

Footing
c) Short Direction :
Under Column A

1.8 m

0.7

1080
1.8

7.6 m

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

400+715
1115

400+375.5
757.5

1080
0.76 1.8 0.4
M A,u

147 kN.m
(1.8* 0.76) 2
2

b 757.5mm, d 715 mm
2

25
2 106 *147
0.85*
1 - 1 m in
2
420
0.90.8525 * 715 * 757.5
A s, m in 0.0018 800 757.5 1080 mm2 . Use616

Footing
Solution
Under Column B

1.8 m

0.7

1080
1.8

7.6 m

0.4
0.4

400+375.5
757.5
2

1620
1.1 1.8 0.4

220.5 kN.m
(1.8*1.1) 2
2

b 1115 mm, d 715mm

M B, u

25
2 106 * 220.5
0.85*
1 - 1 m in
2
420
0.90.8525 * 715 *1115
A s, m in 0.0018 800 1115 1584mm2 . Use 816

0.4
0.4

400+715
1115

Footing
Solution
Shrinkage Reinforcement in the short direction

As,min 0.0018 800 1000 1440mm 2 . Use 14@100mm

Footing
Solution
0.4m

5.6 m

0.4m

1.2 m

14@100

14@100

0.80 m

1820

1316
616

14@100

0.75m

14@100

816
1.10 m

1316 B
7.60 m

1.80 m

14@100

816 B

14@100

616 B

1820 T