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Tumor Susunan Saraf Pusat
Tumor Susunan Saraf Pusat
Tumor sekunder
Metastase
Meningioma
Glioma
Pinealoma
Astrositoma pilocytic
Ependimoma
Meduloblastoma
Adenoma Hipofise
Craniopharyngioma
KLASIFIKASI WHO
I. Tumor Of Neuroepithelial tissue a. Astrocytic tumors b. Oligodendroglial tumors c. Ependymal to d. Mixed Gliomas e. Choroid Plexus to f. Neuroepithelial to of uncertain origin g. Neuronal & mixed neuronal-glial to h. Pineal tumors i. Embryonal tumors IV. Hemopoietic neoplasms VII. Tumor of anterior pituitary a. Pituitary Adenoma b. Pituitary Carcinoma V. G e r m c e l l t u m o r s
II. Tumor of Cranial and Spinal Nerves a. Schwanoma (syn:neurilemmoma) b. N e u r o f I b r o m a c. Malignant Pheripherial Nerve Shealth Tumor (MPNST)
III. Tumors of Meninges a. Tumor of Meningothelial Cells b. Mesenchymal, non-meningothelial to c. Primary melanocytic lesions d. Tumors of uncertain origin
In 1993 the WHO ratified a new comprehensive classification of neoplasms affecting the central IX. Metastatic tumors nervous system. The classification of brain tumors is based on the premise that each type of tumor results from the abnormal growth of a specific cell type.
VI. Cyst and tumor-like lesion a. Rathkes cleft cysts b. Epidermoid Cyst c. Dermoid Cyst d. Colloid Cyst of the third ventricle e. Entergenous Cyst (syn:Neuroenteric ) f. Neuroglial Cyst g. Others Cyst h. L I p o m a i. Granular cell to (syn:Choristoma,pituicyt) j. Hypothalamic neuronal hamartoma k. Nasal glial heteropias
VIII. Local extension from regional tumors a. Cranipharingioma b. Paraganglioma (Syn: Chmeodectoma) c. C h o r d o m a d. C h o n d r o m a e. C h o n d r o s a r c o m a f. Adenoid Cystcarsinoma Syn:Cylindroma g. O t h e r s
dan berproliferasi Tumor primer otak tidak bermetastasis Semua tumor intrakranial dianggap ganas karena:
Merusak susunan saraf pusat dan sistem saraf
memiliki kemampuan regenerasi yang buruk Mengeluarkan metabolit yang bersifat meracuni sel saraf
GEJALA KLINIS
Peningkatan tekanan intrakranial Gangguan fungsi akibat rusaknya bagian otak tertentu Gangguan fungsi endokrin (tumor hipofise)
GEJALA SUPRATENTORIAL
Kerusakan fungsifungsi inti di permukaan
GEJALA INFRATENTORIAL
-Gangguan keseimbangan -Gangguan Nervus kranialis (N V XII) -Gangguan pernafasan --Hidrsefalus akibat obstruksi LCS
DIAGNOSTIK
Schedel Foto
CT Scan
Schedel Foto
DIAGNOSTIK
MRI Kepala
DSA / Angiografi
Keadaan Emergensi
Herniasi uncus Gejala :
TERAPI
Tumor removal ...!!
Operasi
Radioterapi
Konvensional Stereotaktik Radioterapi
Sitostatika
TERAPI
Radioterapi
Endoskopi
Tumor Spinal
Klasifikasi Tumor Spinal Berdasarkan asal tumor : primer; sekunder Berdasarkan segmen vertebra / spinal : cervical; thoracal; lumbal; sacral Berdasarkan lokasi :
Extradura Intradura extrameduler Intrameduler
Diagnostik
Foto polos vertebra : AP, lateral, oblique MRI Spinal DSA / Angiografi Spinal MRS (MR Spectroscopy) Spinal
Radioterapi Sitostatika