URBAN PROBLEMS RELATED TO ENERGY

DHANYA N S4EEE ROLL NO 13

INTRODUCTION
As a fast growing economy, India is targeting ambitious growth rates of seven to eight percent over the past two decades. Economic growth along with the growing population necessitates an increase in energy consumption. The need therefore is to meet the energy needs of all segments of population in the most efficient manner.

URBAN ENERGY CRISIS

Current patterns of energy use raise serious concerns for three reasons 1.The finite natural reserves of energy 2.Its detrimental effects on the global environment 3.The threat to long term sustainability

Three key issues that are likely to shape the future of energy in cities are as follows 1.SUSTAINABILITY:-how much and at what rate is energy consumed ,and its effect on long term sustainability; the quality and quantity of available alternative/renewable forms of energy and the use on the global environment as awhole.

EFFICIENCY:-the technology, planning and management of energy systems that will facilitate the efficient use of energy for human activity EQUITY:-the appropriate financial mechanism for research, development and use of finite and alternative energy forms and their equitable distribution for all human kind

IMPORTANT ISSUES IN ENERGY MANAGEMENT

One of the key issues is the way in which energy is extracted, distributed and used. There is a particular need for a shift from current preference of energy derived from finite, fossil based fuels to one that is cleaner, low carbon, renewable forms of energy.

 A number of trends in energy management is driving this need for change. Principle among them is the multiplier effect of using green low impact and cleaner energy forms.

 The move towards the reduction in use of fossil fuels is to go hand in hand with the following: 1.exploring alternative energy sources. 2.linking energy with global environment issues. 3.co-relating environmental management efficiency with energy efficiency 4.changes in lifestyles and increase in community involvement.

 Many of the global environmental problems that we are currently facing such as climate change, biodiversity loss, desertification, etc need at its core a campaign towards cleaner and greener energy that will stimulate actions in other fronts in governance, education and technologies.

RENEWABLE ENERGY
India recognized the importance of increasing use of renewable energy sources for achieving a sustainable energy base in the early 1970s. During the past quarter of the century, a significant thrust has been given to the development, trial and induction of a variety of renewable energy technologies for use in different sectors.

 With a strong industrial base and successful commercialization of technologies in wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, small hydel, biogas and improved biomass stoves, India is in a position today to play a leading role in the global movement towards sustainable energy development.

 The Ministry of nonconventional energy sources, Govt. of India is involved in the implementation of these programmes for development, demonstration and utilization of various renewable energy based technologies.

RENEWABLE ENERGYSOURCES
WIND POWER WATER POWER SOLAR ENERGY BIOFUEL GEOTHERMAL ENERGY FUEL CELLS

HYDRO POWER
Form of Energy: Potential/Kinetic energy This energy is being used for: Power generation Some of the gadgets and other devices: Turbine generators

Ocean wave power engine

WIND POWER
Form of Energy: Kinetic energy This energy is used for: Sailing ships, Pumping water/Irrigation, Grinding Grains, Power generation Some of the gadgets and other devices: Sails, Windmills, Wind turbines

WIND FARMS

OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES

GEO THERMAL POWER

Form of Energy: Thermal energy This energy is being used for: Heating/Power Generation Some of the gadgets and other devices: Heat exchanger, Steam turbines

GEOTHERMAL STATION

BIOMASS
Form of Energy: Chemical energy This energy is being used for: Cooking, Mechanical, Applications/Pumping, Power generation, Transportation Some of the gadgets and other devices: Biogas plant/Gasifier/Burner, Gasifier engine pump sets, Stirling engine pump sets, Producer gas/ Biogas based engine generator sets, Ethanol/Methanol

Sugarcane residue used as biofuel

SOLAR POWER
Form of Energy: Thermal energy This energy is used for: Cooking/Heating, Drying/Timber seasoning, Distillation, Electricity/Power generation, Cooling, Refrigeration, Cold storage

SOLAR CELL

11MW SOLAR POWER PLANT

SOLAR POWER TOWER

CONCLUSION
As a citizen of India, there is a legal and moral obligation to create an energy use pattern that ensures energy efficiency, protects environmental integrity, and maintains and enhances the strength of our local economy.

REFERENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES BY BENNY JOSEPH. www.wikipedia.org

THANK YOU