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Stoichiometry 1
Stoichiometry 1
The word stoichiometry is derived from two Greek words: stoicheion (meaning element) and metron (meaning measure).
Whenever chemists want to know how much of a desired product will be produced, they start with a balanced equation.
Then the chemist uses the equation to guide them in calculating the products. Since stoichiometry is used to predict things in the perfect world, we can expect that the reaction in real life wont create the maximum amount of product.
By using the chemical equation, chemists can calculate the amount of materials needed or the approximate amount of materials produced (the amount of materials actually produced in the lab is approximate since we do not live in a perfect world).
The chemical equation is written like a mathematical expression. When balanced, the coefficients tell how many moles of each reactant or product is needed or expected.
Example:
2H2 + O2 2H2O
One way to understand the information conveyed by a chemical equation is to convert the equation into an English sentence.
In addition to being both a qualitative and quantitative statement of fact, a balanced chemical equation is an algebraic equality in which the arrow is the equal sign. This means that we can manipulate a balanced chemical equation in much the same way as we can manipulate any other algebraic equality.
Step 2: Write in all information given (make sure to identify what you are trying to find!)
Step 4: Use mole ratio to solve for what you are trying to find (you may also use a proportion to solve the problem.)
The mole ratio is an equivalent which means that you can arrange the ratio in any way needed.
N2 + 3H2 2NH3 Write the molar ratios for N2 and H2. Write the molar ratios for NH3 and H2. Convert the ratios above into a fraction.
1. How many moles of H2O are produced when 5 moles of oxygen are used?
2. If 3.00 moles of H2O are produced, how many moles of oxygen must be consumed?
3. How many moles of hydrogen gas must be used, given the data in problem #2.
If 3.00 moles of oxygen are completely converted to water, what is the mass of the water produced?