BEng (Hons) Petroleum Engineering

Course: Introduction To Petroleum Engineering Instructor Dr. Tarek Darwich

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Course Outlines:
What is Petroleum Engineering? The Life Cycle of Oil and Gas projects, Origin, formation and accumulation of Petroleum, Oil & Gas Exploration, Appraisal of Oil & Gas Discoveries, Development of Oil & Gas Discoveries, Producing Oil & Gas Fields, Transportation of Oil & Gas, The Petroleum Industry & the Environment, Petroleum Economics.
Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Well Cementing

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Well Cementing

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cementing
Primary cementing cost about 5% of the total well cost. About 15% of primary cement jobs require further squeezing job. The total cost of cementing, if squeezing is required, is about 17% of well cost. Typical number of squeezes required to fix problems in primary cement job is 3. Complete the isolation step that started with casing
Pressure isolation Pipe support and protection from external corrosion Leakoff control preventing crossflow Water influx control

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cement Circulation
Path: down the casing and up the annulus Concerns:
Cement density and formation pressure Cement bond between pipe and formation Cement pump time Ability to place the cement over the whole column (fluid loss control, correct volumes, pumpability) Cement strength development The quality and longevity of the seal

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Equivalent Circulation Density

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

How Far is Cement Brought up the Annulus

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cement Integrity

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cement Integrity
Cement Integrity of the shoe is the drillers main concern Cement integrity concern includes pressure, water and exterior corrosion isolation. The height of good cement bonding is a primary failure cause in well failure. After cementing, the well is drilled ahead for a few feet and a shoe-test is done to simulate the highest mud available.

If the shore breaks down, it must be squeezed until it passes.

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cement and Additives

Pure cement (without additives) is a manufactured product with specific grain size and properties The slurry properties for the well are made to order by incorporating a range of additives into the mixed slurry that affect:
Pump time Fluid loss control Stability to thermal conditions Gas migration .

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cement Grades

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cement Slurry
The final slurry design has a certain slurry density between 11 and 18 ppg. More water can be added but the water will separate as it sets resulting in channels or weak cement. Fluid density balance is used to get slurry density.

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Impact of Pressure and Temperature on cementing

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Modifying the set time of a slurry

Year 2012 - 2013

Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Cementing Design Problems to be addressed

Year 2012 - 2013