Smart Grid

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What is Smart Grid ?
Why Smart Grid?/ Need of Smart grid Smart Grid Values Smart Grid Characteristics Technologies (smart meter, pmu) Integrated Communication Sensing and monitoring Advanced Components and controls Distribution AUTOMATION / Optimization Conclusions

What is Smart Grid ?

A smart grid puts information and communication technology into electricity generation, delivery, and consumption, making systems cleaner, safer, and more reliable and efficient. A smart grid integrates advanced sensing technologies, control methods, and integrated communications into the current electricity grid.

Continue.

Why Smart Grid?

Integrate isolated technologies : Smart Grid enables better energy management. Proactive management of electrical network during emergency situations. Better demand supply / demand response management. Better power quality Reduce carbon emissions. Increasing demand for energy : requires more complex and critical solution with better energy management

Need of Smart grid

Large gap between generation and load Inefficient generating stations Overloading of system components Higher losses in the system Lack of reactive power support and regulation services Poorly planned distribution network Low metering efficiency and bill collection Power theft

Smart Grid Values

Safety

Efficiency Efficiency

Environment Environment Friendly Friendly Security Economic

Reliability

Smart Grid Characteristics

Resist Attack
Self Healing Power Quality Active participation By consumers
Accommodate all Generation and Storage options

Optimize

Enable new products, Services and markets

Technologies
Advanced control

Sensing and measurement

Integrated communication

Improved interface and decision support

Advanced components
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Integrated Communication
It will be utilized for real time information and power exchange to optimize system reliability, utilization and security. Areas of improvements include substation automation, distribution automation, SCADA and Energy management system. High speed fully integrated two way communication technology

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Sensing and monitoring

Aimed at evaluation of congestion and grid stability, monitoring equipment health, energy theft and control support.
Includes use of smart meters, wide area measurement system and digital protective relays.

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Advanced Components
Innovation in superconductivity, power electronics and diagnostic components.
Includes FACTs devices, HVDC, superconducting wires, distributed energy generation and storage devices, composite conductors and intelligent devices.

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Advanced Control
Automation will enable rapid diagnosis and timely response event. Includes analysis tools and operational applications such as SCADA and substation automation. Supports market pricing and enhance asset management.

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Improved Interface and Decision Support

Smart grid require real time use of applications and tools that enables grid operators and managers to take decision quickly. Includes visualization techniques that reduces large data into easily understood visual formats, software system providing multiple options and simulators.

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Overview of Smart Grid

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Distribution AUTOMATION /Optimization

Managing Distribution Network Model Outage management and AMI Integration DMS & Advanced Switching Applications

Integrated Voltage / VAR Control

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Smart meter
Smart meter provides an economical way of measuring and setting different prices based on time of the day. It will increase consumer awareness result in reduction of peak demand and saving of costlier resources. Italy is among the first to adopt smart meters which connects around 27 million of its customers.

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Features of Smart meter

Ability to remotely turn on or off power to customer Reading information from meter Detect service outage Detect unauthorized connection Changing maximum amount of electricity that customer demands Remotely change of meters billing plan from flat rate to multi rate tariff.

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pHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT

A device that samples analog voltage and current data in synchronism with a GPS-clock.

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Benefits of PMU
Real time visualization of power system Design of advanced warning system Analysis for causes of total or partial blackouts Enhancement in state estimation Real time angular and voltage stability analysis Improved damping of inter area oscillations Design of adaptive protection scheme Fine tuning of system models

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Conclusions
Power electronic technology plays a vital role in smart grid. Smart grid project need to be executed in stages Goals need to be priorities based on the requirements Strengthening existing grid with power electronic technologies instead of going for new construction wherever possible. Adapting new technologies and keeping scope for future compatibility Increase in customer participation and awareness is required New investment options in power industry need to be provided Development in renewable energy sector Optimization of existing resources is the need

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