Bites & Stings

King Saud University

College of Nursing

Hatem alsrour
Bites and Stings can
caused by :
The main greatest risks from
most stings and bites :

qAllergic reaction
qinfection
qpoisoning
Insects Bites
•The most common insects bites by( bees, spiders, wasps )
•Stings and bites from insects are common.
•They often result in redness, local pain and swelling in the injured
area.
•Sometimes a sting can cause a life-threatening allergic reaction.

•Treatment of local reactions :

oRemove the sting, if still present, with
tweezers
oApply a cold compress to relieve pain and
minimize swelling.
oA cream containing hydrocortisone can
help reduce swelling. Sucking ice can help
reduce swelling in the mouth or throat.
oAntihistamine tablets can also be useful
Insects Bites
Anaphylaxis
Sever allergic reaction (Anaphylaxis) will occur
from saliva or venom of the insect . A person
having a reaction will have some or all of these
symptoms :

•severe itching, or a blotchy rash

over many parts of your body
•difficulty in breathing
•rapid pulse
•swollen lips and eyes and neck
•severe anxiety
•vomiting and diarrhea
Insects Bites
Anaphylaxis Management:
Remove stinger
Manage airway
Epinephrine Auto-Injector
oxygen , assist ventilations
IV fluid
Consider ALS back-up
 Scorpions
•Scorpion stings are most serious in
young children because of their smaller size
•If stung, the victim may feel a painful, burning
sensation at the sting site.
Local signs, symptoms:
•No local swelling, inflammation
•Local pain, hypersensitivity
Systemic Signs and symptoms:
•Extreme restlessness, agitation
•Roving eye movements
•Poor coordination, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing
•Salivation, wheezing
•Tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension, nausea, vomiting
Scorpions
First aid and Treatment:
1. Wash the effected area with soap and water but do not submerge
2. Keep the victim relaxed and avoid alcohol consumption
3. Do NOT attempt to cut or suck the venom out
4. If possible, capture the scorpion for proper identification

What to Expect at the Emergency Room:

The health care provider will measure and monitor the

patient's vital signs, including temperature, pulse,
breathing rate, and blood pressure. Symptoms will be
treated as appropriate. The patient may receive:
A medicine called antiserum (only in the most severe
cases)
Breathing assistance, if needed
Snakes
Snake bites occur when
a snake bites the skin, and are
medical emergencies if the snake
is poisonous.
Symptoms depend on the type of
snake, but may include:

qBleeding from wound

qBlurred vision
qBurning of the skin
qConvulsions
qDiarrhea
qDizziness
qExcessive sweating
qFainting
qFang marks in the skin
qFever
Snakes
Snakebite Management
Calm victim
Oxygen
Clean, bandage wound
Immobilize bitten area,
keep dependent
Medication
Severe reactions are treated with
injections of epinephrine and an
antihistamine
Snakes
Do NOT
Apply ice
Apply arterial tourniquets
Cut and suck
Use electrical shock
Bring live venomous snake to hospital
Raise the site of the bite above the level of the
suctioning doesn't remove any appreciable amount of venom
and may introduce bacteria from the mouth
cutting over the fang puncture sites can damage nerves and
blood vessels, which can lead to an infection
applying a tourniquet can make the swelling worse
using ice can cause problems in circulation
Animals
qAnimal bites can sometimes result in severe infections , fractures and bleeding
qThe most common animal bites caused by ( dog, cat, rat, camel, donkey …)
qRabies is a very serious infection of the nervous system
qRabies is usually transmitted by a bite or scratch from an infected animal

Features of rabies after a dog bite

are as follows:
There is a history of bite
Discomfort and pain are present locally
Headache, nausea and vomiting
Agitation, confusion and hallucination follow
There is an intense fear of drinking water, because that causes
spasm of throat muscles and severe pain
There is foaming at mouth
Respiratory paralysis develops later
Animals
Treatment of Serious Wounds
Wash and dress the wound
Control bleeding by applying direct
pressure and raising the injured part
Cover the wound with a sterile dressing
or clean pad bandaged in place
apply antibiotic
rabies vaccine may be need or tetanus
vaccine

We r finished
Thanx for u ,
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