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World System Theories and The Modernization Theory Presentation
World System Theories and The Modernization Theory Presentation
World System Theories and The Modernization Theory Presentation
In today's global hierarchy, some states are transitioning upward while others are moving downward in terms of status and influence
The capitalist world system shows that it has brought about a skewed development in which economic and social disparities between sections of the world economy have increased rather than provided prosperity for all.
Modernization Theory
1960 Walt Roslow an America economic historian scholar Development should be viewed as a revolution process in which poor countries progress the development radar until they become developed like the western countries All countries go through the same path of development. Therefore Countries should model themselves after the West, aspiring to a "modern" state of capitalism and a liberal democracy According to Roslow, Societies can be divided into 5 different stages of development
ROSLOWS 5 STAGES
Traditional society Few technologies Less savings, no investments, Agricultural based Pre-conditional for Take off Pressure for change Rise of investments, better transport networks Take-off -Urbanization, Economic growth, commercialization of agriculture, ideas of modernization industrial, Maturity technology innovations, national economy growth, international trade Mass production for mass consumption - Real income rises, social welfare, security welfare
Singapore
Singapore became independent in 1965, it did not seem to have any exceptional prospects for growth. It however industrialized early, developing profitable manufacturing and high-tech industries. Singapore is now highly urbanized, with 100% of the population considered urban people. It is one of the most sought-after trade partners in the international market, with a higher per-capita income than many European countries
HOWEVER.
Modernization theory is subject to criticism originating among socialist and free-market ideologies, world-systems theorists, globalization theory and dependency theory among others The dependency theory states that poor countries like most countries in Africa were never developed. They were underdevelopedcolonisation made it worseslave trade, mineral extraction, destroying traditions and culture issues can only be solved it the countries break away from the global market de-links itself, as they are being exploited by the powerful nationsFor example Mining Industry in Malawi