CRISTIAN FERNANDO PUENTES PALENCIA JORYENIS BRANDICA JHOAN SEBASTIAN PINILLA PRADILLA

OBJETIVES how to plan an analysis of cores. target Collect useful information to facilitate efficient drilling and production of a well.

FACTORS
budget preparation Previous data. Objectives. Costs.

FACTORS FOR SELECTION FLUIDS

security Environmental interests costs.

APPARATUS
- Conventional Coring. - Conventional Coring reinforced. - Coring linings. - Disposable inner cylinders - Probing high angle or horizontal wells

CONVENTIONAL CORING SYSTEMS

conventional core barrel heavy-duty conventional core barrel core barrel liners disposable inner core barrels coring high angle or horizontal well

special coring systems

preassure-retained coring sponge-lined coring systems full closure coring system rubber-sleeve core barrel wireline- retrievable core barrel

wireline sidewall coring

percussion sidewall coring drilled sidewall coring

ORIENTED CORING
CORING BITS Natural diamonds bits polycrystalline diamond compact thermally stable diamond roller cone

FLUID DISCHARGE CHARACTERISTIC OF CORE BITS

throat discharge face discharge low- invasion profile

CORE CATCHERS

Wellsite Core Handling Procedures and Preservation

The objectives of a core handling program are as follows:

a. Obtain rock material that is representative of the formation. b. Minimize physical alteration of the rock material during core handling and storage.

THE MAJOR PROBLEMS CONFRONTING THOSE HANDLING AND PRESERVING RESERVOIR ROCKS FOR CORE ANALYSIS ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Selection of a nonreactive preservation material and a method to prevent fluid loss or the adsorption of contaminants. Application of appropriate core handling and preservation methods based upon rock type, degree of consolidation, and fluid type.

2.1 TIPES OF CORE

fresh core preserved core cleaned core restored-state core pressure-retained core

CORE HANDLING PROCEDURES

Removal of the Core From a Standard Reusable Steel Inner Barrel Labeling and Logging of the Core Handling Liners and Disposable Inner Barrels Pressure-Retained Core Sponge Core Wireline Sidewall Coring Wireline-Retrieved Continuous Coring Oriented Core Barrel

FIELD SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS

Transportation and Logistics Data Sheet

ROCK TYPES AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HANDLING

Consolidated Rock Unconsolidated Rock Unconsolidated RockLight Oil and Gas Unconsolidated RockHeavy Oil Vuggy Carbonates Evaporites Fractured Rock Rocks Rich in Clay Minerals Shale Low Permeability Rock Coal Diatomite

PRESERVATION OF CORES FOR ANALYSIS

Methods of Preserving Cores Mechanical stabilization. Environmentally controlled preservation using chilling, Regulated humidity, or freezing, if necessary (see 2.5.2.2). Heat-sealable plastic laminates. Plastic bags. Dips and coatings. Sealing in disposable inner barrels, liners, and tubes. Anaerobic jars.

 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CORE HANDLING TO PRESERVE WETTABILITY PRECAUTIONS

CORE SCREENING AND CORE PREPARATION

CORE DESCRIPTION
Principle Apparatus and Supplies Precautions Procedures

CORE GAMMA LOGS AND CORE SPECTRAL GAMMA LOGS

Principle Apparatus Procedures Advantages Limitations Calibration Accuracy

CORE IMAGING
Principle Advantages Limitations

X-RAY TECHNIQUES

PRINCIPLE

X-RADIOGRAPHY

FLUOROSCOPY

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT)

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

ADVENTANGES LIMITATIONS This technique is not descriptive of the core but of the liquidswithin the core. The technique requires a high density of resonant nuclei for an adequate signal. Hence, low porosity cores will give weak signals. Parmagnetic or ferromagnetic minerals may inhibit or degrade the measured signal and can distort the image.

Magnetic resonance images are noninvasive and provide an image showing fluid locations within a sample. The advantages described in 3.4.2.5 apply provided the sample is contained within a suitable non-metallic holder.

CORE SAMPLING AND CORE PREPARATION (BASIC CORE ANALYSIS)

Principle Plug Samples Sample Cutting , Trimming, and Mounting

CORE CLEANING
Introduction Apparatus and Supplies Precautions Procedures Advantages Limitations

DRYING
PRECAUTIONS Samples containing clays must not be dehydrated during preparation. Care must be exercised in drying these samples. In some cases, temperatures lower than those indicated in Table 3-2 should be used to prevent the dehydration of clays.

SAMPLE PRESERVATION
Preservation of samples in the laboratory will depend on the length of time between tests and the type of tests to be done. Any storage or preservation technique should ensure that structural integrity is maintained and that unwanted drying, evaporation, and oxidation are avoided.