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08 Thermoplastic Engineering
08 Thermoplastic Engineering
MFG 355
Engineering Thermoplastics
Replace metallic parts
Strength and stiffness Retention of properties over range of temperatures Toughness to ithstand incidental damage !imensional sta"ilit#
$o creep $o %TE
Engineering Thermoplastics
%ompared to commodit# plastics
More e.pensive The commodit# resins are all lac/ing some critical propert# Some Engineering Thermoplastics are formed through the condensation pol#meri0ation process
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2mine Group
2cid Group
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Processing 1#lon
?n:ection molding
Shrin/age6cr#stallinit#68>=@ inAin !r# it first
E.trusion
$o melt viscosit# Be careful of decomposition
Fi"ers
!ra ing %r#stalli0ation +rientation
1#lon ;istor#
1ature of pol#mer "onding not understood %arothers !ifunctional monomers Pol#mers6=>>> units long
$arger units6molecular still to eliminate ater
%arothers death
3 ee/s after patents
Tremendous success
1ame
!ela ear* &acra* 1orun* 1uron* 1ulon* 1ilon* 1#lon
2ramids
2ramids
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Processing 2cetals
!o not heat a"ove CC>o F Melt viscosit# is not too dependant on temperature
2cetal %opol#mer
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PBT
cr#stalli0es rapidl# processes faster lo er overall properties
Processing PET
Shape it 'film* tape* fi"er* e.trude* etc 2morphous structure
Pol#car"onate
Pol#car"onate
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;istor#
Solvent resistance '!uPont GE7$e.an Properties
Polar Stiffness of "ac/"one $ong repeat unit
Properties
Solvent sensitivit#6poor "ut nice for :oining %lear6e.cept for () #ello ing* slight cr#stallinit# ;ard !uctile6nailed* sa ed* dra n* punched* sheared* drilled Tough6helmets* light covers* indo s* roadside signs* "ullet proof shields !imensional sta"ilit#6lo creep Electrical resistance6good "ut not fantastic Machining6good
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Properties
%olor 'transparenc#-6,> #ears A E=>9 change &eathering6"est Mechanical properties6average e.cept for impact '"rittle %hemical6chlorinated solvents attac/ it* acetone gives it crac/s Electrical6good
(ses
Signs %ounter tops6%orian !ecorative pieces Floor a.es Paint* fingernail polishes %ontact lenses* glasses
Processing
%asting 'sheets-6s#rup ?n:ection molding6good Thermoforming6o/ "ut "rittle Machining6similar to ood
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;istor# of !iscover#
%ham"ers plant
Ma/ing Freon Gas c#linder
Properties
Most are strengthened "# the tight "ond "et een the Fluorine and the %ar"on atoms
Slipper# 'anti7stic/ surfaces %hemical inertness ;igh temperature melting 1on7flamma"le ;igh electrical resistance )er# dense6,8=37,8, 'high melt viscosit#-
(ses
+7rings 1on7stic/ surfaces ?nsulation7electrical $u"ricant %oatings Gears
Processing
1ot processa"le "# e.trusion or in:ection molding
Sintering
Put in appro. shape and heat<,>o F Similar to processing po dered metals Fusion
Ram e.trusion
%ompaction Rods and tu"es
%alendaring
PP+ Properties
Thermal sta"ilit#6e.cellent '<5>o F;igh ;!T F 3G5o F Good cold properties '7,G5o F$o ater a"sorption $o heat e.pansion Good solvent resistance* "ut can "e solvent elded
PP+ uses
(sed to replace stainless steel for surgical eHuipment Replace thermosets Pump housings )alve components )ideo terminal housings
Ether $in/age
Detone $in/age
Properties
Resistant to oils ;eat sta"ilit# '3>>o F%reep resistance S+, group adds stiffness More dimensionall# sta"le than PP+ Toughness6good
(ses
;ot ater pipes %offee pots !ish asher components 2utomo"ile applications near engines %ompete ith thermosets* "ut can "e in:ection molded
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Properties
)er# stiff ;ighest thermal sta"ilit# P? cannot "e melted or melt processed P2? can "e 'TorlonP? is sintered ')espelP? film is cast as monomers and heated to pol#meri0e 'Dapton-
(ses
P? is used in circuit "oards ;igh temperature parts $o friction "earings* sliding parts Gears
%ellulosics
%ellulosics
1itrocellulose
Gun cotton
%ellulose nitrate
$acHuers and plastics
Properties
Fire
Fire ;ard
Plastici0ed ith camphor
&ater repellent
T#pes of %ellulosics
Ra#on
)iscose process
Than/ Iou
1#lon ;istor#
%arothers
?o a6BS ?llinois6Ph! ;arvard6Teach !uPont6"asic research
PP+