CDMA Technical Training

Fundamental of CDMA technology Technical background for Wavecom Wismo Quick Q2338 CDMA Module Q&A

IS-2000 Air Interface Forward Link

Pilot (F-PICH) Paging (F-PCH)

Base Station

Sync (F-SYNC) Fundamental (F-FCH) Supplemental (F-SCH) Quick Paging Channel (F-QPCH)

Mobile Station

Forward Link Channels

Forward Pilot Channel (F-PICH) Shared by the mobiles Provide timing and phase information of the cell Used for cell acquisition and handoff by the mobile Forward Sync Channel (F-SYNC) Used by the mobiles to acquire initial time synchronization Forward Paging Channel (F-PCH) Used to send control information and paging messages Forward Fundamental Channel (F-FCH) Traffic channel carrying voice and data Forward Supplemental Channel (F-SCH) Used (but not limited) to carrying high speed data

IS-2000 Air Interface Reverse Link

Pilot (R-PICH) Access (R-ACH) or R-CCCH

Base Station

Dedicated Control (R-DCCH) Fundamental (R-FCH) Supplemental (R-SCH)

Mobile Station

Reverse Link Channels

Reverse Access Channel (R-ACH) and Reverse Common Control Channel (R-CCCH) Used for communication of layer 3 and MAC messages from the mobile to the base station Reverse Pilot Channel (R-PICH) Time tracking Power control measurements Reverse Dedicated Control Channel (R-DCCH) Used for call set up Reverse Fundamental Channel (R-FCH) Voice and data traffic channel Reverse Supplemental Channel (R-SCH) Used for data calls MSM5105 supports up to 78.6 kbps R-SCH rate

CDMA Band Classes

Band Class 0 (Cellular Band)
Mobile Tx: 824 MHz 848.97 MHz Mobile Rx: 869.04MHz 893.97 MHz

Band Class 1 (PCS Band)

1850 MHz 1909.95 MHz 1930 MHz 1989.95 MHz

CDMA Call Processing

Power-Up Synch Channel MSG Received

Pilot Channel Acquired

MS Acquires System Timing Mobile Station Initialization End Use of Traffic Channel Mobile Station Idle State

Unable to receive Paging Channel Message

Receives Page Originates, or Registers

Receipt of Acknowledgement to other than Origination or Page Response message.

MS Control on Traffic Channel State Directed to Traffic Channel

System Access State

CDMA Handoffs
The process whereby a Mobile Station moves to acquiring a new traffic channel CDMA implements various types of handoff schemes to reduce call drop rate
Soft Handoff Softer Handoff Soft-softer Handoff Hard handoff

Type of CDMA Handoffs

Softer Handoff: Mobile Station communicates with sectors within the cell. Soft Handoff: Make before Break. Mobile communicates with two cells. Soft-softer Handoff: Mobile Station communicates with two sectors within a cell and another sector or cell.

Soft Handoff Advantage

Reduce call drop rate Make before Break Improve capacity
Path diversity allows mobile to reduce transmit power to the level only the closest cell needs Less power means less interference Less interference means more mobiles can access the network

Power Control
Reverse Link Power Control
BTS instructs Mobile Station to raise or reduce power level based on received signal quality

Forward Link Power Control

BTS raise or reduce its transmit power level based on FER reports from Mobile Stations

Reverse Link Open Loop Power Control

Mobile station adjusts its transmit power level based on received signal quality. Mobile transmit power based on Open Loop Power Control Tx = -Rx-K+(NOM.PWR-16*NOM.PWR.EXT)+Sum of Access Probe Corrections (dBm) Rx: Mean input receive power NOM.PWR: nominal power (dB), part of system parameter NOM.PWR.EXT: nominal power for extended handoff, part of system parameter K: 76 for cellular and 73 for PCS

Reverse Link Closed Loop Power Control

Closed loop power control attempts to compensate for multipath fading losses BTS instructs Mobile to adjust its transmit power in a 1dB step size: 0 = -1 dB, 1=+1dB Response time: 1.25ms

Forward Link Power Control

BTS collect FER report from the Mobile Station and makes decision on adjusting its transmit power Prevents excessive interference to other cells while maintaining a desired Fram Error Rate

Power Control Advantage

Reduce uneccessary interference resulting in improving capacity Extend battary talk time Less power = less RF polution

Q2338 Hardware Specification

RF
RF block diagram Transmitter features and specifications Receiver feature and specification

Baseband
System connector Memory specification Power consumption

Q2338 Hardware Specification RF

Q2338 Hardware Specification Baseband

Flash
A/D Bus

SRAM

System Connector

MSM5105
GPIO/AUDIO/Comm Keypad Bus

Key ON

Serial Bus

RF Control

CHG V

FET
CHG ON

VReg VReg VReg

VCC VCC_A VCC_RX VCC_TX V_TCXO V_PLL

FET
VBATT ON/OFF

VReg VReg VReg

RF

Q2338 Software Architecture Features Summary

IS2000 Rel.0 1X, IS-95A/B protocols Two way SMS Voice (8K EVRC, 13K QCELP) Packet (153kbps) and Asynchronous data services (9.6kbps,14.4kbps) Fax (Class 2.0 Group 3) R-UIM/SIM, UART (up to 230kbps), USB TCP/IP/PPP and Sockets Secure Socket Layer OTASP/OTAPA Authentication and Encryption Voice Privacy System Determination 1.0 and 2.0, Preferred Roaming Support Mobile IP Voice Recognition (optional, extra license)

Q2338 Software Architecture Tools

Flash Downloader RF Calibration (auto and manual) RF tester (In-house use only) UPST (Universal Product Support Tool) UDM (Universal Diagnostic Monitor) ESN Tool Remote Development Environment (Remote MMI/Application Simulation and Development)

Q2338 CDG Testing

Will comply with US CDG testing process CDG 1
Third party test house Internal testing using Spirent C2K AirAccess Test System

CDG 2
Submitting to Interoperability Labs at Lucent, Nortel and Motorola

CDG 3
Cooperation with the carriers for field testing

Q2338 CDG 1 Testing

In house Testing with Spirent Testing based on IS-98D
RF Parametric Tests: Receiver Sensitivity, for example Basic Call Processing Test: Idle Handoff test, for example

Serves as entrance criteria to CDG 2

Q2338 CDG 2 Testing

Infrastructure interoperability testing Testing based on IS-898
Handoff tests POTS tests Asynchronous Data tests High Speed Data tests Fax test

Q2338 CDG 3 Testing

Field testing with Carriers Formal CDG 3 testing requires Carrier participation as certain network parameters need to be adjusted

CDMA Testing in China

Same testing standards as in the US Need Network Access Certificate from MII:
CDG Testing in MTNet CDG 1 type testing in China TTL Emission testing in China TTL User trial done by China TTL

Q2338 Integration
RF Antenna Q2338 Module Host Device
UART

External Antenna

60 Pin System Connector

R-UIM MIC/SPK LCD

60 Pin System Connector

Q2338 Integration: RF Antenna

Three options available
Soldering on directly provide that antenna already has 50 ohm line Matcing circuit
Open space available for matching circuit if not 50 ohm line

RADIALL Sprint board connection