Past Tense Relative Clauses

Past Perfect Simple I had worked buvau dirbs I had Id Had + VIII (-ed, 3 st.) I had NOT worked hadnt ? (Where) Had he worked?

Past Perfect Continuous I had been working buvau dirbs (Id been working) I had NOT (hadnt) been working? (Where) Had he been working?

Past Perfect Simple Seniausiai vyks veiksmas: Rodo, kad tas veiksmas vyko anksiausiai dar prie visus kitus minimus veiksmus, e. g. He had learnt (1) at school nothing, so he was (2) now illiterate. REZULTATAS

Past Perfect Continuous Seniausiai vyks veiksmas: Rodo, kad tas veiksmas vyko anksiausiai dar prie visus kitus minimus veiksmus, e. g. He had been reading (1) for 2 hours when I came (2). PROCESAS

Past Simple 1) Taisyklingi ed: (worked...) a) Live lived b) Study studied (y+prieb.) c) Play played (y+bals) d) Stop stopped (travelled) 2) Netaisyklingi: go-went... I did not work didnt work I did not go (VI) (Where) Did you go? (VI) ~ Yes, I did/No, I didnt

Past Continuous I, he, she, it was working we, you, they were working a) Live living b) Run running (travelling) c) Study - studying -I was NOT working. was not wasnt were not werent ? Were you working? ~ Yes, I was/No, I wasnt ? Where was I working?

Past Simple
1) prastiems veiksmams, proiams praeityje ymti, e. g. She liked reading books. 2) Kai duodamas konkretus laikas (1985) arba kai jo klausiama. 3) Taiau su iuo laiku konkretus laikas nebtinas. 4) Kai pateikiamos konkreios veiksmo aplinkybs. 5)Istorijoms pasakoti; kai veiksmai vyko vienas po kito. 6) I said a pasakiau REZULTATAS

Past Continuous
Gali reikti palaipsn vystymsi, e. g. The wind was rising. 2) Danai vartojamas kartu su past simple, e. g. I was having a shower when the doorbell rang. Maudiaussi due vyko procesas, o skambuio skambjimas pertrauktas procesas. 3) Apibdinti situacij tuo metu, e. g. The sun was shining and the birds were singing when I was walking in the forest. 4) He was dancing and (was) singing nebtina kartoti I was saying then PROCESAS 1)

Present Perfect Simple

I, you, we, they have worked He, she, it HAS worked I have Ive, he has hes Have/has + VIII (-ed, 3 st.) I have NOT worked Have not havent; has not hasnt ? (Where) Has he worked?

Present Perfect Continuous

I have been working (Ive been working) I have NOT (havent) been working? (Where) Have you been working?

Present Perfect Simple

Susieja praeit ir dabart: 1) Veiksmas vyko nesenai arba dar nesibaig. 2) Paliko rezultatus dabariai. 3) Kalba apie gyvenimo patirt. 4) Kai yra tikimyb, kad veiksmas ateityje pasikartos. 5) Su: just, yet; ever, never, always, often, e. g. I have never been to London (nebuvau, bet dar galiu bti), for (30) months, since, still, lately, recently (paskutiniu metu), so far (iki iol), this week NEGALIMA NAUDOTI, KAI INOMAS AR NUMANOMAS TIKSLUS LAIKAS! tada Past SImple (nebent this morning...)

Present Perfect Continuous

Susieja praeit ir dabart: 1) Veiksmas vyko nesenai arba dar nesibaig. 2) Naudojamas su odiais for, since....

PROCESAS

Have gone to ijs, bet dar negrs Have been to yra buvs (grs) Have been in gyvena

Jokiame Continuous laike nevartojame veiksmaodi, reikiani prot, jausmus, emocijas, bsenas...

Past Perfect Simple (I had run - rezultatas) Past Perfect Cont. (I had been running

Past Simple (I ran rezultatas) Past Cont. (I was running

Present Perfect Simple (I have run rezultatas) Present Perfect Cont. I have been running

Praeitis

Dabartis

Who Which That

(mogus) kuris, kuri, kas.. (daiktas) (daiktas, mogus)

e. g. She is the girl who lives in this street. This is a photo of the mountain (that) we saw. BUT I know the man who he won the first prize. (2 veiksniai!)

Whose kieno, kurio... Whos who is/who has Whom k, kam I spoke to a woman whom/that I had met before.

Where kur... The hotel where we stayed was fantastic = The hotel (which/that) we stayed at was fantastic When kada... I remember the day (when) I met you. = I remember the day that I met you. Why kodl... The reason (why/that) I cant come is that Im exhausted.

Prielinksniai naudojami prie who/which... arba (alutinio) sakinio gale:

The company for which she works sells computers. Formal The company which she works for sells computers. Informal The company she works for sells computers. Everyday English

Taiau who/that nenaudojami po prielinksnio: This is the girl with whom who I played tennis. Formal This is the girl (who) I played tennis with. Informal

The man whose son won the prize was very happy. parykintos dalies negalima praleisti, nes ji svarbi sakinio prasmei (identifying clause), todl jos neiskiriame kableliais. Michael, who lives next door, has offered to help me paint my flat. sakinio prasm be parykintos dalies nenukenia (nonidentifying), todl ji atskiriama kableliais.

All/most/some/a few/half/none/two, etc. + of + whom/which

I bought five hats. Two of them were black I bought five hats, two of which were black. (i kuri du) Tom has got three brothers, all of whom (i kuri visi).