Topic 5

CREATING A CULTURE FRIENDLY CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT

Relationships among ethnic

Creating acceptance among the diverse ethnic groups. Acceptance towards each others cultural and ethnic difference. Appreciate each others differences Respect each others strengths and weaknesses

Creating a United Malaysia

The idea of creating a Bangsa Malaysia by fourth prime minister, Dr Mahathir. i. Emphasis on economic development ii. Create a united Malaysian which is ethnically integrated and harmonious, a liberal and tolerant society iii. Respect each others creeds and customs Idea of slogan one malaysia

Roles of teachers
Learn and understand about different cultures for ignorance may lead to intolerance. Encourage a multicultural view and perspective in the students minds by embedding elements of different cultures in the curriculum. Bring students together by having a variety of cross-cultural activities which enable students to appreciate each others cultures.

 Adopt and adapt varieties of instructional approaches to meet the needs of students from various cultural groups. Building relationship among students from diverse ethnic groups on the basis of understanding and appreciation. Avoid racist comments believe in the importance of creating a healthy multicultural environment which treats everyone as equals.

Concept, Purpose and Components in the Management of a CultureFriendly Classroom Environment

Physical Components
infrastructure and physical facilities to create a conducive teaching and learning environment in a classroom with students of diverse ethnic groups. physical arrangement can affect the behavior of both students and teachers

Concept and Purpose

Fred Steele (1973, cited in Modul PGSR, 2010) mentioned that "the effects of physical settings in a classroom is a setting for social interaction, symbolic identification, growth, security, shelter and pleasure". students sit can help in the interaction between students from different lingustic and cultural backgrounds

 Among some of the criteria that a teacher should give consideration are:
The arrangement of tables and chairs suitable for students and can be modified according to the needs of the activity. Have good lighting and ventilation.

Paint the walls with cheerful colors and soft hues. Installing curtains with vibrant color, light and soft. Safety guaranteed such as fire plans and fire extinguishers. Reading/learning/Multimedia corners

Socioemotional Management
According to Woolfolk (1990 cited in Modul PGSR, 2010), motivation or the internal drive of an individual arouses, directs and controls the individuals behaviour. The teacher should be sensitive to these needs and thus create a conducive environment to foster the development of socioemotional relationship among students.

Stage
Infancy (birth to 18 months)

Basic Conflict
Trust vs. Mistrust

Important Events
Feeding

Outcome
Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliabilty, care, and affection. A lack of this will lead to mistrust. Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt. Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.

Early Childhood (2 to 3 Autonomy vs. Shame and years) Doubt

Toilet Training

Preschool (3 to 5 years)

Initiative vs. Guilt

Exploration

School Age (6 to 11 years)

Industry vs. Inferiority

School

Adolescence (12 to 18 years)

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Social Relationships

Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self. Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation. Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world. Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair.

Yound Adulthood (19 to Intimacy vs. Isolation 40 years)

Relationships

Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years)

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Work and Parenthood

Maturity(65 to death) Ego Integrity vs. Despair

Reflection on Life

Teaching and Learning Management

Concept of Teaching
how teachers deliver lessons or knowledge to students process of preparation, implementation and assessment systematic plan whereby teachers assist students in the learning activities

Concept of Learning
process of building a mental structure and a change of behavior with different capabilities cognitive point of view - can occur without prompt change in behavior Mental structural changes occur when there is a change in beliefs, expectations and goals

Characteristics of Effective Teachers

facilitator who plays the role as planners, managers and implementers good command of their subject matter and possess effective teaching skills excellent instructional strategies supported by methods of goal setting, instructional planning, and classroom management

 know how to motivate, communicate, and work effectively with students who have different levels of skills and come from culturally diverse backgrounds understand how to use appropriate levels of technology in the classroom. set appropriate teaching goals

Concept of Management of Teaching and Learning

Management involves the processes of planning, implementing, evaluating and taking iniative to improve the process Related to the following aspects: - Plan effective teaching and learning for students from different cultural backgroun.

- Implement teaching and teaching as planned and making necessary modifications - Evaluate the effectiveness of teaching and learning process - Take follow-up action based on the evaluation and making necessary changes

Managing of Teaching and Learning in the Multicultural Classroom

Manager' in the teaching learning process manage the classroom to create a conducive teaching and learning environment Characteristics of an effective teacher to create a conducive and effective teaching and learning environment: - Stay alert and aware of surrounding situation

- Systematic in planning and evaluating - Patient in handling students from all backgrounds - Good time management - Be prepared to change and flexible - Effective communication - Vision oriented

Stages of Management of Teaching and Learning

Before
(a) The Use of Teaching Aids (b) Selection of Teaching Resources

During
Aspects: achieving the learning outcomes the use of appropriate assessment procedures inculcation of appropriate cultural values creating a physically and psychosocially conducive

 teaching and learning environment for students from diverse cultural background practising a good disciplinary procedure based on students from diverse cultural background conducting remedial and enrichment classes

After
process of assessment, measurement and evaluation to determine the effectiveness of teaching Evaluation - When we evaluate, we are saying that the process will yield information regarding the worthiness, appropriateness, goodness, validity, legality, etc., of something for which a reliable measurement or assessment has been made

Measurement - process by which the attributes or dimensions of some physical object are determined. Assessment - process of defining, obtaining and providing useful information to make further consideration