A word or phrase that is used to stand in for another word/ used in place of another with which it is closely associated

Subtitution a word or phrase for another with for describing something indirectly by referring to things around it, as in describing someone's clothing to characterize the individual.

To add flavor to the writing. Breaks up any awkwardness of repeating the same phrase over and over and it changes the wording to make the sentence more interesting.

Word arm assembly bar

Original use human limb coming together

Metonymic use result of coming together; those who come together throwing ability result of coming together; those who come together all the lawyers licensed to practice law in a certain court or jurisdiction. all the judges of a court or jurisdiction; members of a judiciary; the presiding

aggregation coming together

the bar in a courtroom that separates the judges and lawyers from the laypeople

bench the location in a courtroom where a judge sits when presiding over court officer (judge) in a court. book calypso nationality china city hall a set of pages (paper) bound together at one side Calypso, music genre originating from Trinidad and Tobago China, the country

a work of literature; also the law used errorenously by Westerners as a reference to all Caribbean music genres regardless of

Chinese porcelain or other types of ceramic city government or government in general (Common usage in axiom, "You can't fight city hall.") result of coming together; those who come together. Usually used in reference to religious affiliations based on coming together

a city's chief administrative building

congregation denomination. court seeking favor

assembly of those seeking favor; the president of the court ("judge") The British monarchy. Also, in Commonwealth realms, the Crown is the legal embodiment of governance, and in court the

The Crown A monarch's headwear prosecuting party in criminal proceedings damages dish DNA jigsaw microwave militia mortal movement pink slip police press ring service sweat toilet tongue vagina word destructive effects an item of crockery a course (in dining) Deoxyribonucleic acid cutting tool jigsaw puzzle

money paid in compensation an unalterable, core belief or ideal (e.g., "Building a quality product is in his DNA.")

Manchester the city in England

textiles manufactured there microwave oven those engaged in or subject to being required to engage in defense activity result of motion or change; those who move or change a layoff, historically made official in the United States by giving the employee a pink discharge notice

electromagnetic wave of wavelength 1 mm to 1 m military or defense activity subject to death human motion, change in position a piece of paper, pink in color make orderly (lawful) law enforcers printing press a wedding ring doing for others perspiration oral muscle a unit of language the news media

the relationship itself (as in "If you like it then you shoulda put a ring on it") those who serve (especially military) hard work the room in which the toilet is contained a language or dialect the vulva, or external genitalia a promise (to give/keep/break one's word); a conversation (to have a word with)

an appliance used for the elimination of waste the female internal reproductive tract

American Word Original use Metonymic use the United States federal government the President and staff the United States Department of Defense American immigration the Embassy of the United States the United States Department of State Official residence of the President of the United States building in Arlington, Virginia that houses neighborhood in Washington, D.C. that houses

Washington capital of the United States The White House The Pentagon Ellis Island Foggy Bottom Grosvenor Square Langley Quantico Annapolis West Point K Street PDX Broadway Wall Street

Capitol Hill The neighborhood in which the United States Capitol is located the United States Congress an island in New York Harbor where the main immigrant inspection station was located in the Mayfair district of London, England, is Grosvenor Square on which is located the Federal Bureau of Investigation the United States Military Academy, located on this base The City of Portland, Oregon the U.S. political system

town in the commonwealth of Virginia the capital of the state of Maryland A street in central Washington, D.C.

the Central Intelligence Agency, whose headquarters are in this town the United States Naval Academy, which is located there The U.S. lobbying industry, many of whose firms have offices on this street

town in Virginia that houses the main training center for a United States Army base in the state of New York IATA airport code for Portland International Airport street in New York City street in New York City

Inside the Beltway

refers to the Capital Beltway, a highway which surrounds Washington, D.C. and its inner suburbs Broadway theatre in particular, and American theatre in general

the United States financial markets, for which Wall Street is the traditional center of securities trading the United States, as a rhetorical representation of small businesses the United States advertising industry the United States fashion industry the (U.S.) Baseball Hall of Fame, located in this community the American film industry the Los Angeles-based entertainment industry all the high-tech companies located in the area

Main Street a common street name in Madison Avenue Seventh Avenue Cooperstown Hollywood The Coast[dubious discuss] Silicon Valley Cupertino Redmond

a street in New York City a street in New York City a village in upstate New York the West Coast of the United States

District of Los Angeles, historically the primary center of

geographic region of the San Francisco Bay Area Apple Inc., which is headquartered there Microsoft, which is headquartered there

a city in the state of California a city in the state of Washington

Sand Hill Road located along this road. Detroit Houston

a road in Menlo Park, California

Used to refer to some of the biggest venture capital firms in Silicon Valley, many of whose offices are

largest city in the state of Michigan largest city in the state of Texas

the United States automobile industry, which is centered in the Detroit area NASA Mission Control, from the phrase "Houston, we've had a problem" NASA Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station broadly, the Massachusetts state government (I work on Beacon Hill); specifically (esp. in media), the legislature of the the academic community centered around Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology the country music industry, which has strong ties to Nashville the Rhode Island state government and the Rhode Island General Assembly the state government (known exceptions include Annapolis, Boston and Nashville, as noted elsewhere)

Cape Canaveral

a geographic feature in the state of Florida near the

Beacon Hill a neighborhood within Boston Commonwealth. Cambridge a city in the state of Massachusetts Nashville Smith Hill the capital of the state of Tennessee the state capital

a neighborhood in Providence, Rhode Island

most U.S. state capital cities

the people human beings, or a specific group thereof some state governments in criminal prosecution matters, e.g., "People (of the State of Michigan) versus X", as opposed to "State (of Ohio) versus Y" Pearl Harbor a lagoon harbor on the island of O?ahu, Hawai?i, west of Honolulu Little Havana 9/11 a date (September 11) The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Empire of Japan on December 7, 1941 The Cuban exile community a neighborhood in Miami with a large population of Cuban Americans

The terrorist attacks to the USA that occurred on September 11, 2001

Australian Word Original use Metonymic use Canberra capital of Australia the Australian federal government The Lodge The official residence of the Prime Minister in Canberra The Australian Prime Minister and his or her staff Kirribilli House The official residence of the Prime Minister in Sydney The Australian Prime Minister and his or her staff Spring Street A street in the CBD of Melbourne The Parliament of Victoria (located here), the Government of Victoria and its bureaucracy[1] Sussex Street A street in the CBD of Sydney The Australian Labor Party, whose New South Wales headquarters are here The Waterfront A part of a town that borders a body of water such as a Wharf The 1998 Australian waterfront dispute, An industrial relations dispute involving port workers in 4 major Australian cities.

Canadian Word Original use Metonymic use 24 Sussex Drive Official residence of the Prime Minister the Canadian Prime Minister and his or her staff Rideau HallOfficial residence of the Governor General the Canadian Governor General and his/her staff Bay Street Street in Toronto the Canadian financial markets Church Street Street in Toronto the LGBTQ community Ottawa capital of Canada the Canadian federal government Queen's Park Park that houses the Ontario Legislative Building the Government of Ontario Waterloo City in Ontario Blackberry-maker Research In Motion, which is headquartered there

British

Word Original use Metonymic use England A country within the United Kingdom the United Kingdom as a whole Great Britain Largest island in the United Kingdom the United Kingdom as a whole The Palace Buckingham Palace The Royal Household Big Ben The bell that resides in... the famous clock tower in London Clarence House London palace where one finds The Household of The Prince of Wales Downing Street or "Number 10" Official residence of the Prime Minister[2] the British Prime Minister and his or her staff Whitehall A neighborhood of London in which may be found the offices of the British government's senior bureaucrats The City The City of London the British financial markets, historically centred in The City Westminster The City of Westminster in London The Parliament of the United Kingdom, located in Westminster. Harley Street A street in the City of Westminster, home to a high concentration of dentists, surgeons and physicians the British private medical industry Holyrood A district in Edinburgh, where you can find the Scottish Parliament Fleet Street A street in London which was the original location of much of the British newspaper industry Savile Row A shopping street in Mayfair, central London, famous for its traditional men's bespoke tailoring. fashionable, usually somewhat formal menswear Scotland Yard Name of the original headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Stormont Headquarters of the devolved administration in Northern Ireland: Northern Ireland Executive or Northern Ireland Assembly. Thames House Headquarters of the British Security Services Threadneedle Street Headquarters of the Bank of England[3] Vauxhall Cross Headquarters of the Secret Intelligence Service (aka MI6) P45 A tax form issued when an employee leaves employment termination of employment UB40 A former form enabling a person to claim unemployment benefit (now Jobseeker's Allowance) An unemployed person or a reggae/pop band which appropriated the term when high unemployment was rampant during the late 1970s

French Word Original use Metonymic use L'lyse The lyse Palace, official residence of the French president and his or her staff Matignon The Htel Matignon, official residence ofthe French prime minister and his or her staff Quai d'Orsay a street in Paris where ... the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs has its offices

European Word Original use Metonymic use Berlaymont The building housing the European Commission Brussels the capital city of Belgium, also home to most of the Institutions of the European Union La Moncloa The Palace of Moncloa, official residence of the President of the Government of Spain The executive branch of the Government of Spain Necessidades The Palace of Necessidades, which is the home of the... Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Portugal Holland A region (two provinces) of the Netherlands the Netherlands as a whole The Hague Seat of Dutch government, which contains... the International Criminal Court headquarters and the International Court of Justice at the Peace Palace Toompea A limestone hill in Tallinn, Estonia The Government and Parliament of Estonia Kadriorg A residential area and a park in Tallinn, Estonia The President of Estonia Lijepa naa Words meaning 'Our Beautiful' in Croatian, taken from the national anthem 'Lijepa naa domovino', often used as a metonym to denote the country itself. Croatia. Rome, Holy See, or The Vatican Preeminent see of the Catholic Church the Papacy or one of the institutions of the Roman Curia Strasbourg Alsatian city, which is the official seat of the European Parliament and the European Court of Human Rights

Rest of the world

Word Original use Metonymic use The Kremlin A fortified complex in Moscow Formerly the Soviet government; used today to a lesser extent for the Russian government Kasumigaseki A district in Chiyoda, Tokyo where most of the Japanese cabinet ministry offices are located The Japanese bureaucracy Nagata-cho A ward in Tokyo which houses the offices of the Prime Minister of Japan and the National Diet building The Japanese government and legislature Zion a mountain/fortress in Jerusalem the city of Jerusalem and more often, the land of Israel in general. NB. This can be taken to its allegorical extreme to refer to Paradise i.e. all God's People being Israel being saved. This is played on in the movie The Matrix. The Beehive A building in Wellington which houses the offices of the Prime Minister of New Zealand and his or her Cabinet the Government of New Zealand in general Gulag chief administration of the Soviet forced labour camps the prison camps it administered Tiananmen Square a large city square in the centre of Beijing the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 Malacaang the Philippine presidential palace in Manila the President of the Philippines The Fener A district in the heart of old Istanbul The spiritual leadership of the Patriarchate of Constantinople and world Orthodoxy[4] Casa Rosada Official residence of the President of Argentina the executive branch of the Argentine government Planalto The Brazilian Highlands, which names the Palcio do Planalto, the official workplace of the President of Brazil the executive branch of the Brazilian government Islamabad Capital of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Istana Indonesian and Malay word for palace the President of Indonesia Zhongnanhai A building complex in Central Beijing Central headquarters of the Communist Party of China and the State Council of the People's Republic of China Rashtrapati Bhavan Presidential palace The President of India's residence Miraflores Presidential palace The President of Venezuela's residence Cheong wa dae The Blue House, a complex of building known as pavilion of blue tiles in northern Seoul The executive branch of South Korea Chinatown named after the neighborhood in San Francisco Common name for urban areas historically populated by expatriate Chinese people, and also for the culture or politics associated with such areas Bollywood District of Mumbai, the primary center of the Hindi-language film industry La Compaa Spanish word for company or corporation It refers, in Honduras, to Tela Railroad Company, a subsidiary of Chiquita

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"The pen is mightier than the sword," which originally came from Edward Bulwer Lytton's play Richelieu. The "pen" stands in for "the written word" The "sword" stands in for "military aggression and force

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3.

'The ham sandwich is sitting at table 20' (Nunberg 1979:149) In this example, 'customer' is not a generally recognised sense of ham sandwich, and so the expression is only interpretable as referring to a customer either through the co-text 'is sitting at table 20 a redneck is a stereotypical member of the white rural working class in the Southern U.S., originally a reference to necks sunburned from working in the fields."

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5.

"I stopped at a bar and had a couple of double Scotches. They didn't do me any good. All they did was make me think of Silver Wig, and I never saw her again. (Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep) Scotches and Silver Wig refers to alcoholic drink A red-letter day is important, like the feast days marked in red on church calendars

"Hollywood" is used as a metonym (an instance of metonymy) for the US cinema industry "Westminster", which is used as a metonym for the Parliament of the United Kingdom, Crown - in place of a royal person The White House - in place of the President or others who work there The suits - in place of business people Dish - for an entire plate of food Cup - for a mug The Pentagon -the Department of Defense and the offices of the U.S. Armed Forces

The restaurant - to refer to the staff Ears - for giving attention ("Lend me your ears!" from Mark Antony in Julius Caesar) Eyes - for sight The library - for the staff or the books Pen - for the written word Sword - for military might Silver fox - for an attractive older man Hand - for help The name of a country - used in place of the government, economy, etc. The name of a church - used in place of its individual members The name of a sports team - used in place of its individual members

Legislation prohibits depictions of the cigarettes themselves or of people using them

The metonymic Golden Arches logo of McDonald's Corporation