Commandments (4-10) Fourth Commandment

Honor thy Father and Mother Respect parents by: Reverencing them as holding Gods place. Accepting their corrections willingly. Excuse their faults. Love Our Parents- Respect them as Representatives of God We love our parents by trying to please them, helping them, and praying for them. Children who love their parents make their home a place of joy and peace. Children should obey their children without complaint. They should obey willingly and promptly. Children owe their parents reverence, because they are direct representatives of God. Parents in Old Age They changed our diapers, shouldnt we change theirs? Parent that moves in with adult child and their family. Nursing home-last resort. Alzheimers disease- too difficult to take care of parents. If parents are poor, children should provide financial support for aging parentspay for their bills, electricity, gasetc.. Unable to drive. Provide home-health. Sad Example: Winter Storm: Electricity goes out- parents go without heat and food-- while daughter lives a block a way. Jesus was Perfectly Obedient to His Earthly Parents

Commandments (4-10)

Fourth Commandment
What if Parents Fail as a Parent in a Big Manner? Sometimes, we have to parents to our parents. We show them we love them, at times, when we have to correct them (examples: parents who take drugs, parents who are excessively severe toward their children, verbally or physically abusive.etc..) Respect Others besides Parents, who have Authority Over Us. Policemen, Judge, Mayor, Teacher, Priests, Bishops, the Pope, Boss, Nurses, Doctors. Pilate- I have the power to crucify you. Jesus said, you do not have any power over me, except that it had been given to you from above. Obey Civil Laws- We should follow traffic rules. To speed or drive recklessly is sinful because it places our life and the lives of other in danger. We are to follow laws NOT contrary to our Faith, otherwise we do not obey (Ex: we pay taxes, but we do not submit to the law which permits the killing of a child. We try to change the laws, and protest laws--which are unjust). To not pay taxes or to lie on our taxes is a sin. Jesus, Mary and Joseph Obeyed Laws- Presentation in the Temple (Law of Purification) Census at Bethlehem, Jesus paid taxes.

Commandments (4-10)
Fifth Commandment- Thou Shall Not Kill
God proclaims that he is absolute Lord of the life of man, who is formed in his image and likeness (cf. Gen 1:26-28). Human life is thus given a sacred and inviolable character, which reflects the inviolability of the Creator himself. Precisely for this reason God will severely judge every violation of the commandment "You shall not kill", the commandment which is at the basis of all life together in society. Pope John Paul II, Gospel of Life #53 Each Person has dignity from the Moment of Conception until Natural Death. No one has the right to take away the life or dignity of another. God is the author and giver of life and only He has the right to determine when and how someone is to die. Murder- Voluntary unjust killing of a human being. Cain killed Abel, Jealousy Direct Intention to Kill Another Human Being- Always forbidden Suicide- Serious sin, if full consent is given. Mental Illness and addictions can lessen culpability. Better to die laying down ones life for
Dr. Kervorkian

another, rather than to die killing oneself. There is a great risk of losing ones salvation with suicide. Jesus said this about Judas, who betrayed Him: it would be better if he had never been born. Judas was sorry for his sin, but he despaired, not believing God would forgive him.

Physician Assisted Suicide- It seriously sinful to help another commit suicide.

Fifth Commandment

Commandments (4 to 10)

Direct Abortion- Never. No Exceptions, Not even Rape or Incest, or even to save the life of the mother. To save the life of the motherwants to have an abortion because her life is threatened due to the pregnancy itself and not by any serious medical condition. She may not kill the child by an abortion. Purpose is to have an abortion, which saves the life of the mother. One may not kill an innocent person, due to an unjust action (rape) committed against the mother. The child has done nothing wrong and deserves to be protected. Effects of Abortion- Soul wounded mortally, serious guilt, difficulty forgiving oneself, nightmares, depression, suicidal thoughts. Even after Confession, one will suffer from false guilt. Confession washes away real guilt, but the emotional trauma can cause a person to suffer the rest of their life from the abortion. Automatic Excommunication- 16 yrs. old, Catholic at the time, lacks duress such as being forced into it, and knows she would be excommunicated. Excommunication lifted in Confession by the priest. God is infinitely merciful and desires to forgive all sins, no matter how many or how big. All is washed away in the infinite ocean of Gods mercy. Assisting Someone in Getting an Abortion- Serious sinful Indirect Abortion- Yes, if no desire to kill the child. One can have a medical procedure for a serious reason if needed to save the life of a mother. If a Pregnant Mother Has Serious Illness, unless she has surgery to correct the illness, she will die. The purpose of the surgery is Not to have an abortion, but to correct the serious illness, which would cause her death, unless she had the surgery. Mother may choose her life over the life of her child and allow the surgery, which will save her life, eventhough secondarily, the effect causes the death of the child (Example: tubal pregnancy). Doctor cuts the fallopian tube which is about the burst, as a result it causes the death of the child. Unless tube would be cut, mother would die. St. Gianana Molla- Gave her life for the sake of her child. She carried the child to term, which caused Giannas death. Her child survivedby her heroic virtue.

Cant be Catholic and Pro-choice

Commandments (4-10)

Fifth Commandment
Put Life in Undue Risk- Sky Diving for enjoyment, Car Racing, Bungee Jumping, Reckless Driving, Rodeo Events, Rock Climbing Self Defense- Soldier defends self or defends a country. Parachuting acceptable for defense of country. A homeowner may kill an invader if one believes invader threatens the lives of others. If invader poses not threat to life, one may not kill them. One may not do more than needed for defense. Setting a trap to kill a chicken thief is murder. Home Invader- Shoot to kill or shoot to injure? Shoot only when life is threatened and if possible shoot not to kill, but to stop one who is threatening. Just War- A country has a right to defend itself from invader. In war people are referred to Collateral damagepeople are not collateral! Military must weigh death of innocent people with the good to be accomplished. Atomic bombs in Japan, thousands of innocent people diedit was unjust and seriously immoral. Human Body May Not be Mutilated- Tatoos, Excessive Ear Piercing, Piercing of Nose or Tongue or other body Parts. Do not cut your bodies for the dead or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the LORD (Leviticus 19:28).

Commandments (4-10)

Fifth Commandment
Do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own.. 1 Corin. 6:19

Sterilization- Vasectomy or Tubal Ligation- Mutilate body to avoid having children- not being open to life (serious reason may be necessary- such as hysterectomysomething medically wrong with the woman), but not for the sole purpose to avoid having children. Ask priest if one is asked to do so by the doctor. Purposeful Injuring of Self- Drugs, Smoking, Excessive Drinking or Eating, Purging Oneself, Getting Drunkon purpose, abuse of prescription medicine. Our body is a temple of the Holy Spirit. Through baptism our bodies do not belong to ourselves. We belong to God, who purchased us at the price of His death. Purposeful Injuring of Another Person, or AnimalChoosing to beat up someone. Purposely slamming a dogs tail in a door. Purposely kicking a cat. Useless killing or injuring of an animal. Animals can be killed for food.

Fifth Commandment

Commandments (4-10)

Donation -Organ or Body Parts (Person Living) Meritorious. Ex: Kidney removed while alive, as long as ones life not placed in serious danger. Donation of Organ or Body Parts (After Death) is Morally Permissible. Donating organs after death is Meritorious. Note: Brain Death may or may not be actual death- there is controversy with brain death. A priest anointed a woman, who was pronounced brain dead. The following day she came out of her coma and was dismissed from the hospital in three days. When donating organs, be careful loved one is not killed-for the sake of donation. Death must occur first, before donation. Stem Cells Adult Stem Cells- (Significant medical breakthroughs).No harm to adult. Morally acceptable. Embryonic Stem Cells- Not Morally Acceptable. No known medical breakthrough. It results in the death of the child. Child had no choice to live. Killing innocent children for the sake of advancement to society. What to do with frozen embryos? Cant destroy them. Germans killed Jews by experiments. Cloning- Playing God. Does cloned person have a soul, which God normally infuses as a result of sperm and egg? Cloning of animals Dolly the sheep, seriously immoral. IVF (In-Vitro Fertilization) Freezes embryos and kills extra children. Seriously immoral.

Commandments (4-10) Fifth Commandment

Euthanasia- Mercy Killing- The practice of terminating the life a person in a painless or minimally painful way in order to stop suffering or other undesired conditions in life. No one has the authority to take the life of another person. Only God gives life and only God can take it away. It causes me to sufferto see someone else suffer, therefore if we kill the person, I wont have to suffer and neither will they. What kind of quality of life will my mother have anyway if she is unable to do what she used to do? Each person has human dignity, regardless of their usefulness. Failure to provide artificial nutrition (feeding tube) and hydration (IV fluids) at end of life, when the person may benefit from it and when it would not be an excessively burden is euthanasia. If death is imminent (2-3 days) artificial nutrition and hydration are not morally required. A persons death may not be caused by a lack of food or water, but rather the disease or illness. Feeding Tube and IV: Is it (Is the procedure- supplying of nutrition and hydration) adding a serious burden? In almost every case the answer is negative. The means of supplying food in themselves are all relatively simple and barring complications generally without pain.-Pennsylvania Catholic Conference Suffering has Great Value for our soul and the souls of others, when we unite our suffering to the suffering of Jesus on the Cross. Its redemptive. Jesus suffering on the Cross, redeemed us. Our suffering makes up for the sufferings of body Christ, the Church. Living Wills, Do Not Resuscitate (DNR), Durable Power of Attorneys All Should reflect Catholic Moral Teaching

I should like particularly to underline how the administration of water and food, even when provided by artificial means, always represents a natural means of preserving life, not a medical act. Its use, furthermore, should be considered, in principle, ordinary and proportionate, and as such morally obligatory, to the extent to which, and for as long as, it is shown to accomplish its proper finality, which in the present case consists in providing nourishment to the patient and alleviation of his suffering. Blessed Pope John Paul II

Commandments (4-10)

Fifth Commandment
Vegetative State- Life Has Dignity. When a person continues to live, despite severe condition, keeps family close together and the practice of charity towards the person. Is life worth living? YES! Terri Schiavo (starved to death. Husband had another woman on the side). What about his vow, until death, do you part? Is It Required to Keep One AliveNo Matter the Situation? No Extra Ordinary Means- if medical treatments are extraordinary means, if they are excessively burdensome, or futile, or it outweighs the benefit to the patient, they are not morally required. However, extra ordinary means can be used if the patient or family desires to use them. One is obligated to provide ordinary means of preserving life, unless the ordinary means becomes excessively burdensome, futile or it does not out weigh the benefit to the patient.

Euthanasia

Commandments (4-10)

Euthanasia can be subtle. Though not knowing they are doing it, many nursing homes, hospice ,doctors, doctors, and family, end up euthanizing patients. For example, if an 80 year old resident has a stroke and is unable to swallow, nursing homes, hospice, doctors or even family members responsible for their care, will not give the patient IV fluids or a feeding tube to sustain their life. When an elderly person has had as stroke, he or she can live for years on artificial nutrition and hydration. Some people will say, But, what kind of quality of life will he or she have? The person is therefore put to death (by withholding food and water), because their life is now considered no longer worth living. But the Church teaches IV fluids and feeding tubes are considered ordinary care and the patient should not starve death or die from dehydration, but rather the illness or disease. Only when the patients death is imminent (2 days) may these be not given or can they be removed. If artificial nutrition and hydration will sustain their life, and if it wont be excessively burdensome, then these are morally required. To fail to give a person food and water when it will help the person to live is murder. Hospice and Nursing Homes give what is called Comfort Care. When a person is placed on Comfort Care, he or she is heavily sedated to not suffer much, when the person is expected to die imminently. With Comfort Care, often times all medicines , IVs, feeding tubes are discontinued because the person will soon die. But this should NOT be done unless the persons death is imminent (with 2 days). For questions, consult National Catholic Bioethics Center Emergency Line 215-877-2660

Fifth Commandment

Commandments (4-10)

Capital Punishment- Eye for an Eye- No! One may not put a criminal to death, unless the person continues to be a danger to society, because the person cant be put in prison. Example: Poor country with no jail.
The Catechism of the Catholic Church says that the traditional teaching of the Church does not exclude recourse to the death penalty when it is the only practicable way to defend the lives of human beings effectively against the aggressor. It adds, however, that today such cases are very rare, if not practically non-existent.

Addressing a group of pilgrims gathered in Rome for an international conference on the controversial topic, the Pope said he hopes that their deliberations will encourage the political and legislative initiatives being promoted in a growing number of countries to eliminate the death penalty. Pope Benedict XVI, Nov. 30, 2011
Capital punishment takes away the persons opportunity to repent and seek forgiveness. It takes away from the dignity of the person created in the image and likeness of God.

Commandments (4-10) Fifth Commandment

Other Sins- Sins Against the Dignity of Others and Our Self Anger, Hatred, Revenge, Verbal Abuse, Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Rape, Jealousy, Rude, Yelling at others, Losing ones Temper, Making Fun of Others, Prejudice, Gangs, Wishing Harm on Others, Hate Groups, Not taking Care of Ones Health- Not Eating properly- Overeating, Under Eating, Smoking, Alcohol Abuse, Not Seeking Medical Help when needed, etc (Addictions to nicotine, drugs or alcohol reduced culpability)

Commandments (4-10) Sixth Commandment and Ninth Commandments

6th Thou Shall not Commit Adultery 9th Thou Shall not Covent thy Neighbors Wife Do you not know that our members are the temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you. Glorify God in your body. 1 Corn. 6:19-20

Adultery- Unfaithfulness of a married person or a single person, who has relations with a married person. There is a duty of married persons to be true to each other. 6th and 9th Commandments -Forbids all impurity, lusts, impure desires, and immodesty in words, looks, actions, whether alone or with others. Sources of Impurity Indecent Books and Magazines. Romance Novels, Soap Operas, Movies, Television, Internet, Billboards, Advertisements. Gentlemens Club, Topless Dancing. Pornography. Impure Jokes. (One is to avoid the occasion of sin, such as avoid persons, places and things which can tempt us. Internet filters should be installed to protect children and spouses. Parents should monitor movies and television that children watch.)

Commandments (4-10)

Sixth and Ninth Commandments

1 Tim. 2:9-10 ..women should adorn themselves modestly and sensibly in seemly apparel, not with braided hair or gold or pearls or costly attire but by good deeds, as befits women who profess religion.

Immodest Clothing
Women- No Tight Shorts, Short Shorts, Tight Shirts, Shirts which reveal womans cleavage. Dont reveal stomach or back. (Women think they look cute, and pretty, but immodest clothing is an occasion for men to have lustful thoughts). If women, knew what goes through the mind of a man, she would never wear indecent clothing. Scandal to others, especially at Mass. Men are visuala mans mind can lock on and can easily go in a wrong direction, which causes men to take away the dignity of women. When women dress, they should cover their body, which is sacred. Womens Swimsuits- are okay at the beech as long as no one else is around, except ones spouse. If we can be an occasion of sin for others, we should not wear those kinds of clothes in public. Standards of Modesty in Dress, Imprimatur dated Sept. 24, 1956 "A dress cannot be called decent which is cut deeper than two fingers breadth under the pit of the throat; which does not cover the arms at least to the elbows; and scarcely reaches a bit beyond the knees. Furthermore, dresses of transparent materials are improper. --The Cardinal Vicar of Pius XII Words of Our Lady of Fatima in 1917: "Certain fashions will be introduced which will offend Our Lord very much... She also said, More souls go to hell for sins of the flesh than for any other reason.

Sixth and Ninth Commandments

Commandments (4-10)

Unmarried persons- Fornication is carnal union between an unmarried man and an unmarried woman and is a grave sin. (CCC 2353) Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals, nor thieves, nor greedy, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor robbers, shall inherit the kingdom of God. I Corin. 6:9 Co-habitation- Living together causes scandal. (People think that since one is cohabiting then one is having relations). It places oneself in the occasion of sin. If one thinks he or she wont have relations, even though one is living with someone from the opposite sex, one is foolish, nave and fails to understand passions. Couples who cohabit have a 50% greater chance of divorce than those who dont. It causes attitudes and values which increase the probability of divorce- If this dont work out, I will move out. One develops the idea, that if my marriage dont work out, I will marry someone else. Where is total commitment and faithfulness. It lacks total commitment. Adultery is more likely after marriage, because of lack of commitment, when living together prior to marriage. Could bring a child into the world without parents who end up living together, which is unjust to the child to be born into the world in a non-stable family. Cohabitation does not involve God, because no commitment is made before God.
A Catholic who cohabits should not receive Holy Communion due to the sin fornication and the sin of scandal. If in fact, one is not having relations, and if one would not cause scandal to anyone at the church in which they would receive Holy Communion and if one would be in the state of grace, then one could receive Holy Communion.

Commandments (4-10) Sixth and Ninth Commandments

Chastity and Homosexuality CCC 2357 Homosexuality refers to relations between men or between women who experience an exclusive or predominant sexual attraction toward persons of the same sex. It has taken a great variety of forms through the centuries and in different cultures. Its psychological genesis remains largely unexplained. Basing itself on Sacred Scripture, which presents homosexual acts as acts of grave depravity, tradition has always declared that "homosexual acts are intrinsically disordered. They are contrary to the natural law. They close the sexual act to the gift of life. They do not proceed from a genuine affective and sexual complementarity. Under no circumstances can they be approved. CCC 2358 The number of men and women who have deep-seated homosexual tendencies is not negligible. This inclination, which is objectively disordered, constitutes for most of them a trial. They must be accepted with respect, compassion, and sensitivity. Every sign of unjust discrimination in their regard should be avoided. These persons are called to fulfill God's will in their lives and, if they are Christians, to unite to the sacrifice of the Lord's Cross the difficulties they may encounter from their condition. CCC 2359 Homosexual persons are called to chastity. By the virtues of selfmastery that teach them inner freedom, at times by the support of disinterested friendship, by prayer and sacramental grace, they can and should gradually and resolutely approach Christian perfection. Note: Homosexual Marriage is Not Marriage At All And Is Gravely Sinful

Commandments (4-10) Sixth and Ninth Commandments

CONTRACEPTION AND NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING 2367 Called to give life, spouses share in the creative power and fatherhood of God."Married couples should regard it as their proper mission to transmit human life and to educate their children; they should realize that they are thereby cooperating with the love of God the Creator and are, in a certain sense, its interpreters. They will fulfill this duty with a sense of human and Christian responsibility." 2368 A particular aspect of this responsibility concerns the regulation of procreation. For just reasons, spouses may wish to space the births of their children. It is their duty to make certain that their desire is not motivated by selfishness but is in conformity with the generosity appropriate to responsible parenthood. Moreover, they should conform their behavior to the objective criteria of morality: When it is a question of harmonizing married love with the responsible transmission of life, the morality of the behavior does not depend on sincere intention and evaluation of motives alone; but it must be determined by objective criteria, criteria drawn from the nature of the person and his acts, criteria that respect the total meaning of mutual self-giving and human procreation in the context of true love; this is possible only if the virtue of married chastity is practiced with sincerity of heart. 2369 "By safeguarding both these essential aspects, the unitive and the procreative, the conjugal act preserves in its fullness the sense of true mutual love and its orientation toward man's exalted vocation to parenthood." 2370 Periodic continence, that is, the methods of birth regulation based on self-observation and the use of infertile periods, is in conformity with the objective criteria of morality. These methods respect the bodies of the spouses, encourage tenderness between them, and favor the education of an authentic freedom. In contrast, "every action which, whether in anticipation of the conjugal act, or in its accomplishment, or in the development of its natural consequences, proposes, whether as an end or as a means, to render procreation impossible" is intrinsically evil: Thus the innate language that expresses the total reciprocal selfgiving of husband and wife is overlaid, through contraception, by an objectively contradictory language, namely, that of not giving oneself totally to the other. This leads not only to a positive refusal to be open to life but also to a falsification of the inner truth of conjugal love, which is called upon to give itself in personal totality. . . . The difference, both anthropological and moral, between contraception and recourse to the rhythm of the cycle . . . involves in the final analysis two irreconcilable concepts of the human person and of human sexuality. Note: The Ordinary Pill, Patch, IUD, irritate the womb causing a fetus (child) to not be implanted and so he or she will die without the mother knowing she was pregnant.

Commandments (4-10) Sixth Commandment

Advantages to Natural Family Planning 1. Open to Allow God to Bring a New Person into the World. Couple will Pray and Ask God Whether or Not He Wants a Child. God Invited &Participates in the Marriage. 2. Couples Continue to Totally Give Themselves to Each Other. 3. Promotes Self-Discipline, Rather Than Not Controlling Our Self. 4. Promotes Respect for Each Other and Keeps Couple From Using Each Other For Their Own Pleasure. 5. Safe, Healthy & Natural (No Chemicals to Harm the Body). No Side Effects. 6. Highly Effective (99%) 7. Better Than Calendar & Rhythm Methods, Accurate Even With Irregular Cycles 8. Morally Acceptable by the Catholic Church, as Long It Used For A Serious Reason 9. Helps Couples Who Have Fertility Difficulties to Conceive 10. Easy To Learn and Easy To Use 11. Better Marriages- Built-in Way of Keeping a Cycle of Courtship and Honeymoon in Their Marriage. Low Divorce Rate of .2% compared to Birth Control 50%. 12. Promotes Self-Sacrifice Rather than Selfishness. 13. Love and Respect Grows Stronger Between Each Spouse.

Commandments (4-10) Seventh and Tenth Commandments

7th (Thou Shall Not Steal) &10th (Thou Shall Not Covet Neighbors Goods) Stealing- There is a moral obligation to return the item stolen or to pay back the same amount of money to the person it was stolen and if that is not possible, then one has an obligation to donate that amount of money to charity. Mortal Sin- If one steals the amount of money of a days wages or stealing from a poor person even if the amount is a small amount of money, then it is a mortal sin. Hurricane Katrina- Is it okay to steal during a natural disaster? Sometimes: for example when people were going to starve or die due to a lack of food or water and they are unable to obtain food or water in any other manner that is moral. Sometimes it is okay to steal in order to survive, with the intention of paying back in the future if possible. This is not referring to looting. Cheating and Dishonesty- One should not cheat: Taxes, Games, Tests, or Homework. Its being dishonest with self, with God and others. Other Forms of Stealing- Copyright laws that are not respected is a form of stealing, as well as downloading music, etc.. without the permission of the owner. Usury- Charging Excessive interest on money: Pay Day Loans, Credit Cards, etc..is a form of stealing. Wasting Time at Work- Taking long breaks, leaving early without permissionDebts- Its a sin contract debts, in such a manner that you are unable to pay back. Bankruptcywithout concern to payback those who one owes. Unjust Damage and Vandalism TPing a neighbors tree. Smashing pumpkins. Hit and runhit a car in a parking lot and then leave. Destroying employers property. Damaging Rental Property. Shoplifting: Eating from open salad bars at a grocery store before paying or eating fruit at grocery store before paying. Failing to Give Alms to the Poorand Failing to Provide Support for the Needs of the Church-

Looting Clothes

Commandments (4 to 10) Seventh and Tenth Commandments

Desiring the Goods of OthersI want my neighbors corvette. I want my neighbors home. Vanity- Excessive concern for ones appearance and desire anothers appearance. Greedy- Desiring more than what one needs Lazy- Not doing Gods will (ordinary tasks of the day) in ones daily life. Gambling- Small coins and few dollars is not sinful. However, excessive gambling is sinful. When money wasted can be used for ones own needs, or to help the poor it is sinful. Gambling can become addictive including the Lottery or Casinos. Not Paying Debts- Squandering ones financial resources on wasteful things in which one does not need causing one to not pay debts is sinful. One has an obligation to wisely manage ones money and pay debts in a timely manner.

Commandments (4 to 10)

Eighth Commandment

Thou Shall Not Bear False Witness Against Your Neighbor Jesus said, I am the Way, the Truth, and the Life Deceive Someone To purposely deceive someone is a form of lying. Lie- A white lie is still a lie and is therefore a sin. One should never lie. Perjury- Lying under Oath Exaggerate to make oneself look good is a form of lying. Unjustly Accuse Others Gossip- Talking about others behind their back is disrespectful. If one were to open a pillow made of feathers on a windy day, could one pick up all the feathers? No. So is with gossip, one cannot fully restore the reputation of someone, whom one has gossiped. When we gossip, we have an obligation to later restore the good name of the person. Judge Others Judge an action is morally okay. That is a wrong action! I saw him steal candy. Thats wrong. Judge an intention is sinful. EX: His intention was to cause division. He is going to go to hell. Reveal Secrets Without a Serious Reason. No. However, one can reveal a secret for a serious reason. For example: One has confided that they are going to commit suicide, or that they will seriously hurt someone. A priest can never reveal anything told to him in confession, even if there is serious reason, he cannot do so. Make a Promise Not to tell, but yet if a life is in danger- can break a promise. Promises are Morally Required to be Kept, except for a serious reason. Detraction- unnecessary telling faults of others. He has a habit of exaggerating --His wife is a gossip. Calumny- To purposely tell Lies about another person (ruin reputation of another, must attempt to give the persons good name back)

You belong to your father the devil and you willingly carry out your fathers desires. He was a murderer from the beginning and does not stand in truth, because there is no truth in him. When he tells a lie, he speaks in character, because he is a liar and the father of lies. John 8:44

Commandments (4-10) Eighth Commandment (Mental Reservation)

(Answering Question- One Doesnt Have A Right to Know the Answer) A form of deception which is not an outright lie. It was argued for in moral theology and now in ethics, as a way to fulfill obligations both to tell the truth and to keep secrets from those not entitled to know them (for example, because of the seal of the confessional or other clauses of confidentiality). Mental reservation, however, is regarded as unjustifiable without grave reason for withholding the truth. In wide mental reservation, equivocations and amphibologies are used to imply an untruth that is not actually stated. In strict mental reservation, the speaker mentally adds some qualification to the words which he utters, and the words together with the mental qualification make a true assertion in accordance with fact. A frequently cited example of equivocation is a well-known incident from the life of Athanasius of Alexandria. When Julian the Apostate was seeking Athanasius's death, Athanasius fled Alexandria and was pursued up the Nile. Seeing the imperial officers were gaining on him, Athanasius took advantage of a bend in the river that hid his boat from its pursuers and ordered his boat turned around. When the two boats crossed paths, the Roman officers shouted out, asking if anyone had seen Athanasius. One of Athanasius's followers shouted back, as instructed by Athanasius, "Yes, he is not very far off." The pursuing boat hastily continued up the river, while Athanasius returned to Alexandria, where he remained in hiding until the end of the persecution.