Professional Documents
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Chapter 06
Chapter 06
Roger L. Tokheim
Chapter 6
INTRODUCTION
The BCD Code The Excess-3 Code The Gray Code The ASCII Code Decoders BCD-to-SevenSegment Decoder/ Driver
Encoders
Seven-segment Displays Seven-segment LED Displays
A BCD number is a four-bit binary group that represents one of the ten decimal digits 0 through 9. Example:
QUIZ
Convert the BCD coded number 1000 0111 0001 into decimal.
QUIZ
Convert the decimal number 350 to its BCD equivalent. Decimal Number 3 5 0
Sample Problem:
Decimal
Excess-3
QUIZ
1. To form an excess-3 coded number, decimal 3 is added to the decimal number and this is converted to its 4-bit binary code. (True or False) 2. The excess-3 BCD number 1010 0100 equals __________ in decimal. 3. The decimal number 428 equals what excess-3 number.
True
71
0111 0101 1011
QUIZ
1. The Gray code is not a type of BCD code. (True or False) 2. The most important characteristic of the ____________ (BCD, Gray code) is that only one digit changes state as you increment or decrement the count. 3. The Gray code is commonly associated with input/output devices such as an optical encoder of a shafts angular position. (True or False) True Gray code
True
The
ASCII
Code
QUIZ
1. A common 7-bit code used to represent numbers, letters, punctuation marks, and control characters is known by the acronym __________.
ASCII
8-bit
00 10 0 11
Decimal to BCD Encoder
7 5
3
0
Encoders are available in IC form. This encoder translates from decimal input to BCD output.
2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
QUIZ
1. The type of 7-segment display based on vacuum tube technology which usually has blue-green characters and can be viewed in dark to lighter conditions is the vacuum fluorescent display (VF). (True or False) 2. The type of 7-segment display that shows dark characters on a silvery background, uses very little power, and is good for viewing in bright light is called the liquid crystal display (LCD). (True or False)
3. The seven-segment LED display is best viewed in
True
True False
7-segment b & c inputs display active Note reads that therefore decimal inputs 1 are (segments segments active-LOW b b& &c c light are on lit) display
H L b L c H H H H
+5V
Common anode
QUIZ
Q#4#1-What What the decimal the 7-segment LED Q #2iswill the be decimal outputoutput on the on display for the new set display? of inputs? #3-
L H L H L H L H L H L H L
a b b c d e f g
+5V
01 00 10 1
BCD-to7-Segment Decoder/ Driver
This decoder translates from BCD to decimal. Decimals are shown on an 7-segment LED display. This IC also drives the 7-segment LED display.
2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
QUIZ
Q #5#1- What is the decimal output from the decoder that #2#3#4appears on the 7-segment display?
Answer: 6 3 0 9 7
BCD input
Decimal output
10 1 0 00 0 00 1 11 0
BCD-to7-Segment Decoder/ Driver
Liquid crystal
Metalized layer
Glass backplane
Polarizer
QUIZ
1. While VF and LED displays emit light, LCDs __________ (control available, sublimate red) light. 2. The nematic fluid sandwiched between the glass plates of a LCD is also called _______ _______ (green phosphor, liquid crystal). 3. Monochrome twisted-nematic field-effect LCDs display __________ (dark, white) figures on a silvery background.
control available
liquid crystal
dark
4. Liquid crystal displays are difficult to read under low light conditions however most laptop computer flat screens are backlighted True to add brightness. (True or False)
2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
QUIZ
Q#1: Q#2: What is the output on the LCD display? Q#3: What Whatis isthe theoutput outputon onthe theLCD LCDdisplay? display?
ANS: 2 ANS: ANS: 0 5
BCD Input
A B LCD C Driver D E F G
?
LCD Common
100 Hz Clock
QUIZ
1. A vacuum fluorescent display is based on an older vacuum tube technology and is commonly referred to as a _____ _________ (TFT display, VF display).
VF display
2. One of the most common applications of VF displays is in _________________ (flat-screen laptop computer screens, automobiles).
3. The VF display has the advantage of being easily readable in either light or dark conditions. (True or False)
automobiles
True
Grid
KG f a
g d c
Plates
Glass back
QUIZ
Q#1thin wires atsection A are called heaters or ___. Q#2The segments at B are ___. Q#3-The The screen like at C called is called the ___. A ANS: Cathodes ANS: Plates ANS: Grid
B C
2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Grid
Cathodes (heaters)
To light a segment: 1. Heaters must be hot 2. Grid must be at +12V 3. Plate must be at +12V
2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
QUIZ
Q#1Part A is theheaters ___.at +12V. Q#2Q#4Part The B points grid is at normally the or ___. Q#5To Q#3light Parts a plate C are it must the ___. be grounded. Q#6- To light a plate it must be at +12V. (T or F) (T (Tor orF) F) ANS:cathodes grid ANS: ANS: plates ANS: True ANS: ANS: False True
A B
Schematic diagram of VF display with heaters connected to battery.
2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
REVIEW
The BCD Code The Excess-3 Code The Gray Code The ASCII Code Decoders BCD-to-SevenSegment Decoder/ Driver
Encoders
Seven-segment Displays Seven-segment LED Displays