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Eea 1
Eea 1
Oceans at least 2.5 miles (4 kilometres) deep cover nearly 70 percent of Earth's surface. Fresh water exists in the liquid phase only within a narrow temperature span (32 to 212 degrees Fahrenheit/ 0 to 100 degrees Celsius). This temperature span is especially narrow when contrasted with the full range of temperatures found within the solar system. The presence and distribution of water vapour in the atmosphere is responsible for much of Earth's weather.
These typical Kerala (India) houses use rainwater harvesting methods and pitched roof for shading
Well Articulated windows in Hawa Mahal, Jaipur provides cool breeze in a desert area
Nomadic life & sparse requirements drove the architecture of the past and made it sustainable
ECOLOGICAL BUILDING
Buildings in cold climates characterized by: Small windows that allowed little light into spaces resulting in minimal heat gains/loss and cooling/heating loads Building mass with high thermal storage capacities Low standards for heating and sanitary systems
ECOLOGICAL BUILDING
Buildings in temperate zones characterized by: Tendency to locate living areas underground to utilize coolness of the earth and create ventilation through buoyancy Small window & roof elements minimizing heat transfer Use of narrow courtyards to promote ventilation Fine grained cities that cause mutual shading Use of water as an architectural element
ECOLOGICAL BUILDING
The Industrial Age is characterized by: Migration of ever increasing population from rural to urban areas Extremely poor living conditions for most people Industrialization & rapid advances in technology Increased demands for energy met through use of coal & gas Sharp increase in emissions; indiscriminate dumping of wastes No efforts to protect environment, conserve natural reserves Beginning of an environmental calamity
Alarming number of industries, poor living conditions, deteriorating environment mark the industrial era
ECOLOGICAL BUILDING
The early & mid 20th century is characterized by: Urbanization, technological development, industrialization, concentration of labor in cities at a frantic pace Concentration of workplaces in small areas Shortening of distances for communication & information Maximized utilization of available spaces An architecture & technology that pays no respect to the environment & energy consumption A false sense of Man has overcome nature Skyscrapers, fully automated climate control
ECOLOGICAL BUILDING
Late 20th century architecture characterized by: Renewed search for elegant architectural solution with respect to energy use, environment & ventilation Facades designed for natural ventilation Creation of climate buffer zones (halls and atria) Improved heat insulation & sun protection Implementation of energy recovery & waste treatment systems Major energy crisis in 1973 Architects, engineers & clients turn to ECOLOGICAL BUILDING DESIGN Menara Mesiniaga by Ken Yeang in Malaysia is a revolutionary high-rise building design using sustainable principles
Commerzbank headquarters in Germany by Architect Norman Foster uses garden terraces every 12 floors
Although there is evidence of prehistoric dwellings in the exposed western parts of the island, the historical village was built on the side of the island facing the mainland. The little houses huddle against the hillside for shelter, with their gable walls facing the sea.
CONTEMPORARY TRENDS
HIGH PERFORMANCE ENVELOPE
CONTEMPORARY TRENDS
GREEN ROOFS & WALLS
CONTEMPORARY TRENDS
ENERGY MODELING & DAYLIGHT SIMULATION
CONTEMPORARY TRENDS
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
CONTEMPORARY TRENDS
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
The building reinforces archetypal elements of traditional Arabic architecture: the interior, the treatment of light and filters through racks and overlapping frames. The southern front is the best example of this dual loyalty because it reinterprets a number of commonly used geometric figures in the Arab culture, giving them a contemporary form of mobile lenses, very similar to those of a camera. The game of space-related expansion and contraction; a hall that evokes the great mosques, and a deep sense of the use of reflections, refractions and the effects of light, provide some magic to this place.