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As 1 2 2 Control of The Cardiac Cycle
As 1 2 2 Control of The Cardiac Cycle
describe the cardiac cycle, with reference to the action of the valves in the heart; describe how heart action is coordinated with reference to the sinoatrial node (SAN), the atrioventricular node (AVN) and the Purkyne tissue;
ElectroCardiograms
We can monitor the electrical activity of the heart using an electrocardiogram or ECG Sensors must be attached to the skin which pick up the electrical signals from the heart The trace of a healthy person has a particular shape consisting of waves labelled P, Q, R, S and T
P shows the excitation of the atria QRS indicates excitation of the ventricles T shows diastole (relaxing)
20 boxes
In 1 second, 25 boxes travel past the machine One box travels at 1 second/25 boxes = 0.04 seconds per box One heart beat lasts for approximately 20 boxes 20 boxes x 0.04 seconds per box = 0.8 seconds for each heart beat How many 0.8 seconds are in 1 minute? 60 seconds / 0.8 seconds = 75 beats per minute
b (i) This is the time during which the ventricles are contracting B (ii) In 1 second, 25 boxes travel past the machine One box travels at 1 second/25 boxes = 0.04 seconds per box Contraction time (Q-T) lasts for approximately 7 boxes 7 boxes x 0.04 seconds per box = 0.28 seconds for each contraction time
b (i) This is the time during which the ventricles are relaxed and filling with blood B (ii) In 1 second, 25 boxes travel past the machine One box travels at 1 second/25 boxes = 0.04 seconds per box Contraction time (T-Q) lasts for approximately 13 boxes 13 boxes x 0.04 seconds per box = 0.52 seconds for each filling time