EBOLA VIRUS

Sorveto, Dayle Daniel G.

Ebola virus???
Family: Filoviridae

*Filo( latin word)= thread

Order: Monoegavirales Genus Ebolavirus *Ebola=place in africa where its originate (ebola river) In the Democratic Republic of Congo

Distinct species
4 defined species based on serological cross-reactivity

and genetic-differences.
Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) Sudan ebolavirus(SEBOV) Cote d Ivoire ebolavirus (CIEBOV) Reston ebolavirus (REBOV)
Animal infection Human infection

Bundigbugyo ebolavirus (BEBOV) 2007

*where the names originate in different areas of africa

properties
Helical

Enveloped
(-)ssRNA Baltimore classification (V) Filamentous U-shaped appearance, 6-shaped, circular or branched Replicates in cytoplasm *Bowl of spaghetti appearance*

 Structure of Ebola genome and proteins Transcribed into 8 sub-genomic mRNA proteins: 7 structural and 1 nonstructural 7 structural proteins:
nucleoprotein (NP) 4 viral/virion proteins (VP35, VP40, VP30, VP24) glycoprotein (GP) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L protein) NP, VP35, VP30, L protein: required for transcription & replication VP40, GP, VP24: associated with the membrane

epidemiology
Endemic to africa

Mysterious virus
Zoonotic viruses that came from the Apes, and Gorillas

and also to the fruit bat. Mortality rate 25- 90% africa and spread world wide.

*African Haemorrhagic Fever*

Mode of transmission
Both Marburg and Ebola virus are biosafety level 4

because of high mortality rate and aerosol infectivity

Direct contact of body fluids Poor hygiene in hospitals Eating of infected animals

Viral cycle

Clinical features and pathogenesis

Approximately 50% cases of maculopapular rash associated w/ Incubation period 2-21 days degrees of erythema primarily in trunk. Sudden onset of relatively non-specific sympotms include: 1. Fever (>38.3 C)/chills may include other signs of bleeding In fatal disease progression such as: 2. General malaise 3.Haemorrhage Myalgia 4.Bruising Headache Bleeding from mucosal membranes Nausea 5.Malaena and haematuria 6. Vomiting 7. Sore throat 8. Diarrhoea 9. Abdominal and chest pain

Recent reports
Ebola virus could be use as Bioterrorism

According to CDC the Ebola virus now on A list category

for due to high mortality rate upto 90%

In 6 December 2011 the development of a

successful vaccine against Ebola for mice were reported. Unlike the predecessors it can be freeze-dried and thus stored for long periods in wait for an outbreak. The research will be presented in Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences