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DC Generators
DC Generators
DC Generators
Introduction
The outstanding advantages of dc machines arise from the wide variety of operating characteristics which can be obtained by selection of the method of excitation of the field windings. There are four basic kinds of dc generators, namely separately excited, shunt, series and compound generators
DC Shunt Generators
The field is a function of the terminal voltage, Vt. Hence, voltage decrease at the armature terminals cause a corresponding decrease in the field flux and hence in the induced emf, Eg in return a decrease in Vt again. This continues until an equilibrium is found. The reverse of the above process is followed in building up Vt.
For a field resistance rf, the operating point is the intersection point of the rf line and magnetization curve.
Vt = eg - (I L + I f ) ra
DC Series Generators
The field current of a series generator is the same as the load (or armature) current, so that the air gap flux and hence the voltage vary widely with load. As a consequence, series generators are not very often used.
Vt = eg - I a (ra + rs )
eg1 - eg2 = 40 V
eg1 = K a d w1
eg2 = K a d w 2
DC Compound Generators
In most of the usual applications of the dc generators the desired point is to have the same voltage at both no-load and full-load. A suitable combination of shunt and series generators gives the compound generator.