WEL-COME

DR. TAJMULLA AHMED

Department of Prosthodontics
a.tajammul@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF MAJMAAH, COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, AZ-ZULFI, KSA.

INTRODUCTION TO PROSTHODONTICS
Course code;212 sds
COURSE DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATION

Objective of learning prosthodontics???

To treat this patient

Objectives of todays class;

To get familiarized with the contents, guidelines, assessment tools, dos and don'ts in this semester. 2. To know the branches in prosthodontics. 3. To know the basic definitions in prosthodontics. 4. To know the basic clinical and laboratory steps involved in fabricating a complete denture.
1.

Intended learning outcomes of this class

At the end of this class the students should be

able to define the basic definitions presented in this powerpoint. Student should be able to clearly distinguish between all the clinical and laboratory steps involved in fabricating a complete denture. Students should know and try to arrange all the requisites including materials, books etc.. needed for the course -SDS 212.

Introduction:
Prosthodontics (Prosthetic Dentistry);
It is the dental specialty pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment planning, rehabilitation and maintenance of the oral function, comfort, appearance and health of the patients with clinical conditions associated with missing or deficient teeth and / or maxillofacial tissues using biocompatible substitute.

 This is the first course in prosthodontics. It consists of didactic and practical components.

It has two parts: The first part is introductory to prosthodontics in the form of lectures. The second is the practical components covering some of the basic technical aspects in removable prosthodontics. The laboratory phase of this course is a coordinated effort in building and improving the basic technical skills in prosthodontics and occlusion.

Course Objectives:
1.The primary goal of this course is to familiarize the student with the biological and technical aspects of prosthodontics in general and anatomical landmarks for complete denture prosthodontics. 2. The student should demonstrate the ability to understand and use different prosthodontic terminologies.

3. Describe basic principles and techniques of Prosthodontic restoration of oral functions. 4. Describe fundamentals of normal /abnormal occlusion based on examination and analysis of occlusion in various functions.

5. Perform basic Prosthodontic lab procedures necessary to attain standard Prosthodontics dental care. 6. Identify and perform basic techniques of prosthetic care follow up and repair.

Course laboratory contents

1. Anatomical landmarks of the maxilla and mandible. 2. Primary impression and pouring of the primary cast. 3. Special tray. 4. Final impression, Boxing & pouring (demonstration). 5. Relief and Post dam. 6. Construction of record rims and acrylic bases.

7. Articulators, face bow and mounting (demonstration). 8. Setting of upper anterior teeth. 9. Setting of upper posterior teeth. 10. Waxing up of trial denture base. 11. Flasking and wax elimination (demonstration). 12. Packing and curing (demonstration). 13. Finishing and polishing (demonstration).

 All the students should be evaluated in each

laboratory session according to the recommended laboratory step by the course director and instructor. All the students should pass all the required laboratory steps successfully and this will be graded as an overall grade for the course which enables the student to join the next level (pre-clinical prosthodontic course).

Assessment tools
The following percentages (%) of the total grade will be

assigned: In-course assessments 60% o Quizzes and assessments10% o Weekly practical quizzes 10% o Midterm written examination15% o Midterm practical examination 15% o Oral exam10% Final examination 40% o Final written examination30% o Final practical examination10%

Precautions 1. All the students should have the necessary tools every lab session which includes Diagnostic instruments; Mouth mirror, Probes, explorer, tweezer. (3 no.each) Machintosh sheet- (2 no.) 1meter Rubber bowl [flexible & rigid] 2 each-(2 no.) Straight spatula-(2 no.) Curved spatula-(2 no.) Lacron carver-(2 no.)

 Plaster knife
Glass slab-(2 no.) Glass plate-(2 no.) Tile Spirit lamp Blow torch Hot spatula Wax spatula-(2 no.) Wax knife Mean value articulator-(2 no.) Cement mixing spatula[small and long] -(2 no.)

 Impression tray set;N0.0,1,2,3,4 [perforated and non

perforated for dentulous and edentulous patient] Wooden hammer Metal file Metal Flask and clamp Dappen dish (2 No.) Acrylic finishing stone (black, pink, white various size and shapes for acrylic trimming) Carbide metal trimmer(flame, round and cone shaped) Straight fissure carbide bur for straight hand piece Micromotor with straight and contra-angle hand piece

 Acrylic mixing jar

Acrylic dispenser(2 No.)

Droppers (2 No.) Syringe 10 ml (5 No.) B.P.Handle No.3,4 B.P.Blades No.11,12,15 All plastic filling instruments Enamel tray Kidney trays big and small

2. It is preferable to protect your eyes with protective glasses while you are trimming the special trays or trial denture bases. 3. It is preferable to put on your face masks. 4. Never throw hard plaster mix, alginate or remnants of self cured acrylic resin in water sinks. 5. Be sure that you closed the gas valves after finishing your work, if you suspect any gas leakage; report it directly to your supervisor. 6. Any questions should be referred to the instructors or course director. 7. Keep the lab clean whenever you finish your work.

BRANCHES IN PROSTHODONTICS

Implantology

Prosthodontics (Prosthetic Dentistry)

Definition; It is the dental specialty pertaining to

the diagnosis, treatment planning, rehabilitation and maintenance of the oral function, comfort, appearance and health of the patients with clinical conditions associated with missing or deficient teeth and / or maxillofacial tissues using biocompatible substitute. Prosthetics: is the art and science of designing and fitting artificial substitute to replace lost or missing tissue. Prosthodontist A specialist in prosthodontics

Prosthesis: an artificial appliance which replace lost or congenitally missing tissue. Some prosthesis restore both function and appearance of tissue they replace other merely restore one of these factors.
Eg; Denture; An artificial substitute for missing natural teeth and adjacent tissues.

Complete denture prosthodontics: involves an artificial replacement of the lost natural dentition and associated structures of the maxilla and mandible for patient who has lost all their remaining natural teeth.

Complete denture

A removable dental prosthesis that replaces the entire dentition and associated structures of the maxilla or mandible.

Complete denture prosthodontics

Dentulous

A condition in which natural teeth are present in the mouth.

Edentulous
A condition in which the mouth is without teeth.

Partially edentulous
A condition in which some of the natural teeth are

present and some are lost.

Before restoration

After restoration

 Types of dental removable prosthesis

1. Complete dentures

Partial dentures

Acrylic base

metallic base

3. Overdentures
A complete denture supported both by mucosa

and by a few remaining natural teeth that have been altered, as by insertion of a long or short coping, to permit the denture to fit over them.

4. Immediate dentures
A removable artificial denture that is placed in the

mouth immediately after the surgical removal of all remaining teeth at the same appointment as the tooth extractions to maintain normal appearance and the ability to chew food. It may be complete or partial.

Complete dentures have three surfaces:

1- The fitting surface. 2- The occlusal surface. 3- The polished surface.

Denture surfaces
Denture impression surface (denture basal surface)

It is that portion of the denture surface which has its

contour determined by the impression. It includes the borders of the denture and extends to the polished surface

 Denture polished surface

That portion of the denture surface which extends in an occlusal direction from the border of the denture and includes the palatal surface. It is part of the denture base which is usually polished and includes the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth.

 Denture occlusal surface The portion of the denture surface that makes

contact with its anatagonist (opposing occlusion).

Clinical

Clinical and laboratory steps of complete denture construction

laboratory Pouring of impression to obtain the Construction of special (custom) trays Boxing and pouring of the final Construction of recording bases Mounting of the models with occlusal rims on articulator. setting-up of teeth and waxing-up. Processing of the dentures (flasking, wax elimination, packing, curing, deflasking & polishing

1. Examination of the mouth. 2. Preliminary impression making.

3. Final impression. 4. Recording jaw relationships and selection of artificial teeth. 5. Try-in of the waxed-up denture.

6. Insertion of the denture. 7. Post-insertion care.

finished

Step by step detailed description.

1. Primary impression

2. Study casts (primary cast)

3. Special trays

4. Border molding

5. Secondary impression

6. Boxing

7. Pouring master cast (Secondary cast)

8. Construction of occlusion blocks

9. Face bow recordings

10. Mounting of the maxillary cast

11. Determining the vertical dimension of occlusion

12. Centric relation registration

13. Mounting of the mandibular cast on the articulator

14. Setting and waxing-up of teeth

15. Try-in

16. Finalizing the wax-up

17. Flasking

18. Boiling out wax and removing denture bases

19. Packing and curing acrylic resin

20. Remounting to adjust processing errors

Remounting index

21. Removal from casts, finishing and polishing

22. Adjusting occlusion

23. Delivery to the patients

Function of complete denture:

1- Mastication: chew food for swallowing and digestion. 2- Speech (phonetics): the teeth either natural or artificial assist the tongue and lips to form some of the sounds of speech. 3- Appearance (aesthetic): is influence by the shape of jaws together with the position and occlusal relation ship of the teeth. 4- Health of the alveolar bone and the tempromandibular joints (T.M.J).

Assignment
Answer the following questions.

Learn and write all the definitions of this chapter. 2. List the clinical and laboratory steps for the fabrication of complete denture. Note; 1. Maintain a separate long exercise book for writing assignments.[no student should write it in paper]. 2. Assignment should be submitted before the next theory class otherwise it will be considered as not submitted and the marks alloted for assignments will be deduced.
1.

Thank You