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3.6 Active Fire Control
3.6 Active Fire Control
3.6 Active Fire Control
1 The Emergency Equipment And The Detection Equipment (the portable fire extinguisher, the smoke detector and the heat detector) 3.6.2 The First Aid
3.6.3 The Automatic Fire Extinguishing (the sprinkler, the wet and the dry risers)
3.6.1 The Emergency Equipment And The Detection Equipment (the portable fire extinguisher, the smoke detector and the heat detector)
3.6 The Active Fire Prevention System 3.6.1 The Emergency Equipment And The Detection Equipment (the portable fire extinguisher, the smoke detector and the heat detector) 3.6.2 The First Aid 3.6.3 The Automatic Fire Extinguishing (the sprinkler, the wet and the dry risers) 3.6.4 The Fire Fighter Equipment
The Portable Fire Fighting Equipment are of three types that are: a) Foam Cylinders b) Dry Powder Units c) Carbon Dioxide Cylinders
a)
Foam Cylinders
The inner cartridge has to be broken first before the reaction mechanism of the two chemicals form into foams. The foams will then shoots out of the nozzles. Foam Fire Extinguisher can be use to almost all type of fire especially of oil/fuel and chemical fluids.
The chemical reaction of the soda bicarbonate liquid and asid will create a high pressure type of powder which will be pushed out of the nozzle.
The powder will dry out slowly and reduce the potential of misconduct but expensive and require 6month regular maintenance check.
Suitable for class A, B and C type of fires especially suited to paper, cloth any electrical fire and LPG liquid fires such as chemicals , petroleum/oils and paints
c) CO Cylinders
The cylinder consists of pressurized CO gas which will rush out the nozzle after pulling the safety pin.
The CO gas will not destroy /ruin valuable property such as books or any paper product (library/achieve) and expensive electronic equipments (hospitals)
The CO gas is not suitable for human as it will suffocated human.
High and cost-effective availability of naturally occurring gas (carbon dioxide) Complex, highly effective equipment for rapid extinguishing Highly reliable protection of assets
3.6 The Active Fire Prevention System 3.6.1 The Emergency Equipment And The Detection Equipment (the portable fire extinguisher, the smoke detector and the heat detector) 3.6.2 The First Aid 3.6.3 The Automatic Fire Extinguishing (the sprinkler, the wet and the dry risers) 3.6.4 The Fire Fighter Equipment
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3.6 The Active Fire Prevention System 3.6.1 The Emergency Equipment And The Detection Equipment (the portable fire extinguisher, the smoke detector and the heat detector) 3.6.2 The First Aid 3.6.3 The Automatic Fire Extinguishing (the sprinkler, the wet and the dry risers) 3.6.4 The Fire Fighter Equipment
The Automatic Fire Extinguishing are actually the fixed fire fighting features such as the : a) b) c) Hose Reels Wet and Dry Risers Sprinkler
a)
Hose Reels
a) b) c)
There are small (20-25mm diameter) long (2100030000mm) rubber hoses and they can be provided for occupants in case of an outbreak of fire. These hose reels is normally wound on to a drum and installed in a recess along the corridor or landing wall The quantity of water provided depend on quantity of water in the water tank.
Riser
a) b) c)
A riser is a vertical pipe in a building that the Fire Authority can use to connect hoses to at any building level. Two types of riser are :
a) Wet Riser contains water constantly from the Fire water tank . b) Dry Riser is filled from the fire hydrant located outside the building or from the fire brigade water truck.
a)
a) b) c)
A dry riser consists of an empty or dry pipe vertically of the building level with hydrant valves on each floor and at the roof level Inlets are fitted at street level through which fire brigades can pump water to the landing valves
b)
a) b) c)
A wet riser is a dry riser with a permanent water supply system (usually pumped) added to it. Water maybe supplied either by a direct connection to towns main or in pump from storage tanks
Wet risers are necessary for buildings which are too high for brigade pumps to supply the necessary water pressure via a dry riser. If the mains pressure is higher than maximum brigade operating pressure it is necessary to use pressure regulating landing valves.
Wet pipe systems are the most commonly used for the sprinkler system
c) Sprinkler System
A sprinkler system are design automatically distributed water through sprinklers at a defined interval distance to control or suppress fire A sprinkler system consist of a network of pipes connected to a suitable water supply and fixed at ceiling level throughout the protected building.
a) b) c)
Sprinklers are very useful in areas of high occupancy such as supermarkets, leisure centres and shopping malls. Also sprinklers are used in areas where materials of high risk inflammable products are stored or manufactured such as; carpets, fabrics, clothing, wood, fuels.
In the event of a fire, the heat generated causes the fusible element to its fusing point.
The fusible elements then melts or bursts and the lever holding the cap fall out and thus allow water to be discharged into the fire in the form of a fine spray. It is by far the most important and successful system in particular for buildings where there is only intermittent supervision and people do not continuously occupy. These includes car parks, warehouse stores and large space buildings
3.6 The Active Fire Prevention System 3.6.1 The Emergency Equipment And The Detection Equipment (the portable fire extinguisher, the smoke detector and the heat detector) 3.6.2 The First Aid
3.6.3 The Automatic Fire Extinguishing (the sprinkler, the wet and the dry risers)
Uniform Building 1984 is divided into nine main sections which consists of ten tables.
BAHAGIAN VII ISI KANDUNGAN Kehendak-kehendak menentang kebakaran (undang-undang
kecil 133-224)
VIII Penggera kebakaran, pengesan api, pemadam api dan akses menentang kebakaran (undang-undang kecil 225-253) IX Pelbagai (undang-undang kecil 254-258)
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219. Pemakaian Undang-undang Kecil Ini Bagi Lantai 220. Keluasan Lantai Dan Muatan Bangunan Dan Petak 221. Ujian Ketahanan Api 222. Ketahanan Api Bagi Dinding 223. Ketahanan Api Bagi Tingkat Di Atas Tingkat Bawah 224. Ketahanan Api Bagi Apa-apa Elemen Struktur
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Bahagian VIII - Penggera Kebakaran, Pengesan Api, Pemadam Api Dan Akses Menentang Kebakaran-1
225. 226. 227. 228. 229. Pengesanan Dan Pemadaman Api Sistem Automatik Bagi Pendudukan Berbahaya Pemadam Api Mudalih Injap Semburan Cara Akses Dan Menentang Kebakaran Dalam Bangunan Yang Tingginya Lebih Daripada 18.3 meter 230. Pemasangan Dan Ujian Sistem Pancur Kering 231. Pemasangan Dan Ujian Sistem Pancur Basah 232. Sistem Pancur Basah Atau Kering Bagi Bangunan Yang Sedang Dibina
233. Alir Masuk Busa 234. Struktur Bawah Tanah Dan Bangunan Tanpa Tingkat Hendaklah Masuk Busa 235. Pemasangan Tetap 236. Bahaya Khas 237. Penggera Kebakaran 238. Pusat Pemerintahan Dan Kawalan 239. Sistem Komunikasi Suara 240. Suis Pengasingan Elektrik 241. Kehendak-kehendak Khas Bagi Sistem Penggera Kebakaran
Mempunyai Alir
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Bahagian VIII - Penggera Kebakaran, Pengesan Api, Pemadam Api Dan Akses Menentang Kebakaran -2
242. 243. 244. 245. 246. 247. 248. 249. 250. 251. Ruang Akses Menentang Kebakaran Lif Bomba Piawai Yang Dikehendaki Kelulusan K.P.P.B. Perakuan Apabila Siap Storan Air Tanda Pada Pancur Basah, dll Pengeluaran Asap Dan Haba Liang Asap Udara Biasa Liang Asap Hendaklah Mencukupi Untuk Mencegah Pengumpulan Asap Yang Membahayakan
252. Liang Asap Hendaklah Boleh Dibuka Oleh Pihak Berkuasa Bomba 253. Sistem Kuasa Kecemasan
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Jadual
Jadual Kelima - Ketetapan Kumpulan Maksud, Ukuran Bangunan Dan Kompatmen. Jadual Keenam - Hitungan Had Yang Dibenarkan Bagi Kawasan Tak Terlindung.
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