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Oxygen Therapy Sajoo RT
Oxygen Therapy Sajoo RT
Oxygen Therapy Sajoo RT
Done by :
Miss ; saja A. Al-
marshad..
th
RT 4 level student.
Enjoy my presentation that I
guarantee it will be full of
oxygen .. & interesting
things to know , SO
BE READY ^_^
SAJO ..
Info.
• 1774 – J . Priestly produced O2 –
“Dephlogisticated Air”
• 1776 – A . L . Lavoisier termed this vital air –
OXYGEN
• Late 1800 – Bonnaire gave O2 to preterm “ Blue
Baby ”
with success .
•
Definition
airway
• Neurological
deficits
• – CVA
– Spinal injuries
– Coma
Aim of o2 therapy:
therap THERAPUTIC GOAL,,
• to increase PaO2 to USE the lowest FIO2
• especially in neonate
is required.
• Dec. The effect of
Hypoxemia & high
Precautions/ Complications
• Ventilatory depression
• PaO2 > 60 mm Hg may depress ventilation in some
patients with chronic
Hypercapnia.
• O2 toxicity
• Absorption atelectasis
• Decreased ciliary function, leukocyte function
• Fire hazard
• Retinopathy of prematurity (PaO2 > 80 mm Hg)
• Bacterial contamination
• Humidification system
Oxygen Delivery and
Devices
• The therapeutic application of
supplemental oxygen is integral
part in the treatment of a wide
range of disease states and may be
accomplished utilizing a variety of
oxygen administration devices.
• Appropriate application of supplemental
oxygen requires:
requires
– An understanding of the proper application
of the available oxygen delivery devices
and
– Knowledge of the indications and potential
hazards of oxygen therapy
Classification of o2 delivery
devices
1 - Low flow system ;;
• Nasal Cannula
• Simple oxygen
mask
• Partial rebreathing
oxygen mask
• Non-rebreathing
oxygen mask
•
Cont. of the classification;
2 - High - flow oxygen
delivery devices .
• Venturi Mask
• Aerosol Mask
• Trach collar
• Face tent
• Briggs Adapter
(T-piece)
other oxygen delivery
devices;
Oxygen-Conserving
Devices:
• Reservoir Cannula
•
• Demand Oxygen
Delivery
Systems or
Pulse Dose
Oxygen Devices
•
• Transtracheal
Oxygen
Catheters
Additional Delivery
Devices:
• O2 Tents/Croup
Tents
• Oxygen Hoods
• Incubators or
isolettes
•
LFS VS HFS
• LFS- uses only • HFOS must be
partial capable of
patient’s need meeting the
• HFOS – the flow patient’s PIF to
rate and ensure
reservoir consistent
capacity FIO2.
adequate to • Device delivers
provide the at least 3xMV
total inspired • Advantage
flow needed. 1.consistent
• FIO2
Criteria for use of LFS
When the • In LFOS the
larger the TV
patient is
or the faster
breathing the RR the
ØVT 300- lower the FIO2
700 • The smaller the
ØRR 25 VT or the
slower the RR
ØVentilatory the higher the
pattern FIO2
regular • MV
and FIO2
Nasal Cannula
• Most used oxygen • The use of NC for
therapy device. long term use led to
discovery of
• limitation
• If used with flow • During expiration
larger than 4 lpm there is waist of
bubble humidifier flow to the room .
indicated..
• Oxygen
concentrations •
delivered by the
nasal cannula
according to flow.
NC. Cont..
Advantages
Flow
• Use in adults, children,
infants, Easy to apply,
• Up to 6 L/min. Disposable,
• Low cost, Well tolerated
• Humidifier should be
used when flow Disadvantage
exceeds 4 L/min • Unstable, Easily dislodged,
High flows uncomfortable,
• < 2 L/min (infants) Can
FiO2 range
• cause dryness/bleeding,
Deviated septum may
• 22 - 45% block flow,
• mouth breathing may reduce
FiO2 stability
FiO2
Flow
• 6 - 10 L/minute
(Prevent bag
collapsing on Insp.)
FiO2 range
• 35 - 60%
FiO2 stability
• Variable
Advantages
• Use on adults, children and infants, Quick,
easy to apply,
• Disposable, Inexpensive, Moderate to high
FiO2
Disadvantages
Flow Advantages
• 6 - 10 L/minute • Same as partial-
(Prevent bag Rebreathing Mask,
collapsing on Insp.) High FiO2
FiO2 range Disadvantages
• Emergencies, Short-
Air Entrainment >or= 3
•
years
Total amount of air
depends on:
1. The size of
entrainment port.
2. The velocity of
oxygen at jet.
•The smaller the orifice the greater is the
velocity of oxygen and the more air is
entrained.
The largest jet provides the lowest oxygen
velocity and thus the least air entrainment and
the higher FiO2
Flow
• Varies, should provide
output flow > 60
L/min
FiO2 range
• 24 - 50%
FiO2 stability
• Fixed
Advantages
• Easy to apply, Disposable, Inexpensive,
Stable, Precise FiO2’s
Disadvantages
• Limited to adult and pediatric use,
Uncomfortable, Noisy,
• Must be removed for eating, FiO2 > 40%
not ensured, FiO2
• varies with back pressure
Best use
• Unstable patients requiring precise low
FiO2
Oxygen hoods and tents
• Oxygen hoods used to deliver O2
to infants.
• Receive oxygen from a high flow
humidification system.
• Flow is set at 10 – 15 liters / min.
to provide a constant flow
through the hood , maintain a
constant FIO2 , and wash out of
CO2.
•
Tents
• Uses a frame and a large , soft plastic material
to enclose the patient.
• Used in pediatrics especially with croup.
• Tents receive O2 from a high flow aerosol
system .
• FIO2 is difficult to be controlled because of
large volume.
•
O2 DELIVERY IN pedia & infant ..
KEY POINTS with neonates….
• Use the lowest FIO2 to Keep PaO2 50 – 80 mm. Hg. ,
• SpO2 88 - 95 %
•
الحمد لله على السلمه
Thanq