Single Sideband Systems

Leonardo Clarke - 2005 - P24H Communication Systems

Disadvantage of AM Systems
Carrier constitute two-third or more of the total transmitter power. This is a major drawback because the carrier contains no information. Conventional AM systems utilize twice as much bandwidth as needed with single-sideband systems. With double sideband (AM) transmission, the information contained in the upper sideband is identical to the information contained in the lower sideband. Therefore transmitting both sidebands is redundant.
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Types of Single Sideband

There are several types of sideband communication systems. Some of them conserve bandwidth, some conserve power, and some conserve both.

Leonardo Clarke - 2005 - P24H Communication Systems

Types of Single Sideband

1.

Full carrier single sideband.

Transmit at full power but only one sideband is transmitted. Thus require only half AM DSBFC bandwidth. Power carrier constitutes 4/5 of total transmission power and signal 1/5. In DSBFC power of the carrier is 2/3 and signal 1/3.

2.

Suppressed carrier single sideband.

Carrier is completely suppressed and so signal power is equal to transmission power. One sideband transmitted and so require half bandwidth of DSBFC.

Leonardo Clarke - 2005 - P24H Communication Systems

Types of Single Sideband

3.

Reduced carrier single sideband.

Carrier amplitude reduce to approximately 10% of its unmodulated value. Consequently, as much as 96% of total power transmitted is in the sideband. Only one sideband transmitted so only half the bandwidth of the DSBFC needed.

4.

Independent sideband also known as twin sideband suppressed carrier.

Carrier modulated with two independent intelligence signal and so bandwidth is conserved. Carrier is reduced and so intelligent signal as a higher transmission power.
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Types of Single Sideband

5. Vestigial sideband.
The carrier and one complete sideband are transmitted, but only part of the second sideband is transmitted. The lower modulating-signal frequencies are transmitted double sideband and the higher modulating-signal frequencies single sideband. Consequently, the lower frequencies and appreciate the benefit of 100% modulation, where as the higher frequencies cannot achieve more than 50% modulation.
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Comparisons of frequency Spectra & Power Distribution

Leonardo Clarke - 2005 - P24H Communication Systems

Advantages of Single Sideband Transmission

1.

Power Conservation
One sideband transmitted Carrier suppressed or reduced

2.

Bandwidth Conservation
Requires half as much bandwidth as DSBFC

3.

Selective Fading
With double sideband transmission the two sidebands may travel different paths and therefore experience different impairments this condition is called selective fading. expand

4.

Noise Reduction
Less bandwidth and so less thermal noise. Selective fading also reduce.
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Disadvantages of Single Sideband Transmission

1. Complex Receivers
Require complex and expensive receiver Require carrier regeneration and synchronization. Require more complex and precise tuning.

2. Tuning Difficulties

Leonardo Clarke - 2005 - P24H Communication Systems

Single Sideband Generation

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Single Sideband Generation

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Single Sideband Generation

Balance modulator mix the intelligent with the carrier to produce both sidebands with the carrier eliminated. Filter removes one of the sidebands

The result single sideband signal.

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Single Sideband Demodulation

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Single Sideband Demodulation

Remember in the case where the carrier is suppressed it needs to be reinserted to obtain the intelligent signal

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Single Sideband Demodulation

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Mixer

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SSB Receiver for Several Frequency

If the SSB receiver is to be used for several channels a variable frequency oscillator (VFO) has to be used. One such VFO is the beat frequency oscillator (BFO)

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BFO Drift Effect

Minor drift in the BFO can cause serious problem in the SSB reception. If the oscillator drifts 100Hz, 1 1kHz intelligent signal would be detected as 1100Hz or 900Hz. Speech transmission requires less than a 100Hz shift or the talker starts to sounding like Donald Duck and becomes completely unintelligent. Obtaining good-quality SSB reception of music and digital signals requires a carrier.
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