Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Itil V3 - 2
Itil V3 - 2
Itil V3 - 2
Objectives
Basic Concepts
The CMDB is a set of one or more connected databases and information sources that provide a logical model of the IT infrastructure. It captures Configuration Items (CIs) and the relationships that exist between them.
The Definitive Media Library (DML) is defined as one or more locations in which the definitive and approved versions of all software CIs are securely stores.
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
Change Configuration Deployment Management Management Management The objective of Change Management process is to ensure that changes are recorded and then: Evaluated Authorized Prioritize Planned Tested Implemented Documented And reviewed in controlled manner.
To ensure that standardized methods and procedures are used for controlled, efficient and prompt handling of all Changes, in order to minimize the impact of Change-related Incidents upon service quality, and consequently to improve the day-to-day operations of the organization. Change Management acts as the greatest contributor to the CMDB, as Changes to CMDB must be assessed and authorized by Change Management first.
2
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
Request for Change (RFC):It is a formal communication seeking an alteration to one or more configuration items.
Change Models : Defines how various categories of changes are assessed & authorized, with different mechanisms and activities used to process and deliver changes based on the change type. Service Change: A service change is a change to an existing service or the introduction of the new service.
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
Standard Change
Emergency Change
A change that must be introduced as soon as possible e.g. to resolve a major incident or implement a security patch. The change management process will normally have a specific procedure for handling Emergency Changes.
A pre-approved Change that is low risk, relatively common and follows a procedure or work instruction
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
When assessing Changes, it is important to have answers to the following seven questions:
Who RAISED the change? What is the REASON for the change? What is the RETURN required from the change? What are the RISKS involved in the change? What RESOURCES are required to deliver the change? Who is RESPONSIBLE for the build, test and implementation of the change? What is the RELATIONSHIP between this change and other changes?
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Managed IT services Manage the Business Manage the suppliers business Service portfolio Manage external services
Service Operation
External operations
Knowledge Management
Objectives
The CM process activities include: Planning and controlling changes. Change and release scheduling. Communication. Change decision making and change authorization. Ensuring there are remediation plans. Measurement and control. Management reporting. Understanding the impact of change. Continual improvement.
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Review RFC
Change Management
Authorize change
Change Authority
Change Management Authorize Scheduled Implemented
Plan updates
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Request
Filter
The change should be assigned a category and priority. Priority is made up of impact and urgency.
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Level 1
Change Authority Business Executive Board IT management board CAB or Emergency CAB Local authorization
Level2
Level 3
Level 4
Standard Change
10
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Authorized Changes: Basic Concepts Scope Process Activities Roles Should be passed to the appropriate technical group. CM is responsible for ensuring that changes are implemented as scheduled. Should include back out and recovery procedures (along with documented authorities to invoke) for each authorize change, so that if error occurs during or after implementation, these procedures can be quickly activated with minimum impact on service quality.
Change is reviewed: On completion of change, results should be reported for evaluation. For major changes, there will be more customers and shareholders. To include any Incidents arising as a result of the change.
11
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Change Management
Deployment Management
Change Advisory Board
Change Implementer
Roles
Obtains the initial information and prepares the request for change (RFC) within the Service Management Tool Obtain business justification and sponsorship for a change Participates in assessing the change implementation
Implements the change within the approved scheduled timeframe Assists the Change Owner (or requester) with developing/confirming the implementation activities, test plan, back-out plan as and when required Performs implementation tests (if required) Assists with assessing the implementation
Assist with validating and confirming the risk and impact Assist the Change Manager in reviewing and resolving any change issues Approve and authorize normal changes
12
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Change Management
Deployment Management
Emergency CAB
Roles
Confirm policy compliance & approve RFCs Notify the change requester if incomplete and/or compliance guidelines are not met Chair the Change Advisory Board (CAB) Create and distribute the CAB meeting agenda to attendees prior to CAB meetings Ensure only approved changes are implemented Publish the Change Schedule Review reports and metrics
Required in case of Emergency changes Same responsibilities as CAB Performs implementation tests (if required) Approves & authorizes Emergency changes
13
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
14
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
A1
A2
A3
A1.1
A1.2
A1.2.1
15
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
16
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
versus
PHASED APPROACH:
The service is deployed to a part of the user base initially, and then this operation is repeated for subsequent parts of the user base via a scheduled rollout plan.
17
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
versus
PULL APPROACH:
Used for software releases where the software is made available in a central location but users are free to pull the software down to their own location at a time of their choosing or when a workstation restarts.
18
Knowledge Management
Objectives
Basic Concepts
versus
MANUAL APPROACH:
Using manual activities to distribute a Release. It is important to monitor and measure the impact of many repeated manual activities as they are likely to be inefficient and error prone.
19
SERVICE OPERATION
20
Service Operation
Service Operation Functions IT Operation Management
Service Design
Service Catalogue SLAs. OLAs, UCs Availability Metrics Capacity Plan Information Security Measures
Technical Management
Service Desk Application Management Incident Management Request Fulfillment Event Management
Service Transition
Problem Management
Access Management
21
Introduction
Service Operation:
Provide guidance on achieving effective and efficient delivery and support of the services. Ensures value for customers and service providers. Realizes strategic objectives through service operations, making it critical capabilities. Maintains the status quo, adapting to the changing business and technological environments
22
23
Functions
Service Desk Technical Management IT Operations Management Application Management
24
Management
Access Management
Ensure that the best possible levels of service quality and availability are maintained. Normal service operation is defined here as service operation within SLA limits.
25
Management
Access Management
Urgency
High
Impact
Med 2 3 4
1 2 3
importance of an Incident, a Problem, or a Change. Priority is used to identified the required for actions to be taken.
26
Management
Access Management
An Incident is an unplanned interruption to or a reduction in the quality of an IT service. Anything that could effect the IT service in the future also categorized as an Incident. Escalation is an activity that obtain additional resources, when needed, to meet services level targets or customer expectation. Escalation are of two types: Functional Escalation: Based on knowledge or expertise, also known as Horizontal Escalation. Hierarchal Escalation: For corrective actions by authorized line management, also known as Vertical Escalation. When resolution of an incident will not be in time or satisfactory
Hierarchal
Functional
27
Management
Access Management
Incident Management includes any event which disrupts, or which could disrupt, a service. This includes events which are communicated directly by users, either through the Service Desk or through an interface from Event Management to Incident Management tools. Both Incidents and Service Requests are reported to the Service Desk, this does not mean that they are the same. Service requests are dealt with by the Request Fulfillment process.
28
Management Escalation
Management
Access Management
Resolution Owner (Support Staff) Resolve incidents assigned to them or their queues Verify and validate incident details, including the configuration items affected and perform incident investigation and diagnosis Detection of possible problems and creation of problem records for qualification by the assigned Problem Manager Resolution and recovery of assigned incidents
30
Management
Access Management
31
Management
Access Management
To provide the capability to detect events, make sense of them and determine if the appropriate control action has been provided. If these events are programmed to communicate operational information as well, they can be use as a basis for automating routine Operation Management activities as part of operational monitoring and control.
Basic Concepts
32
Management
Access Management
An Event can be defined as a change of state that has significance for Management of Configuration Item (including IT Services). This can be detected by technical staff or be automated alerts or notifications created by CI monitoring tools.
Basic Concepts
An Alert is a warning that a threshold has been reached, a changed has occurred, or a failure has occurred.
Alerts are mainly created and managed by System Management tools and Event Management process.
33
Management
Access Management
Basic Concepts
EM assist in identifying what constitutes normal versus unusual operations versus an exception, oftentimes generating Event Notifications. There are many different types of events, for example:
Events that signify regular operation (e.g. A scheduled backup occurred successfully) Events that signify an exception (e.g. A scheduled backup failed) Events that signify unusual but not exceptional operation. These are an indication that the situation may require closer monitoring (e.g. No backup initiated within last 72 hours)
34
Management
Access Management
The main objective of the Request Fulfillment process is deal with the service requests from users. Providing information to users and customers about the availability of services and the procedure for obtaining them Assisting with general information, complaints and comments.
Basic Concepts
Management
Access Management
Basic Concepts
Usually, a service request is handled by a Service Desk and does not require Request for Change.
Some examples are reset of password or to provide standard IT services for new user.
Request models are defined to deal with service requests that occurs frequently and required consistent handling to meet agreed service levels.
36
Management
Access Management
Basic Concepts
37
Management
Access Management
Problem: Unknown underlying cause of one or more Incidents Known Error: Known underlying cause. Successful diagnosis of the root
cause of a Problem, and workaround or permanent solution has been identified
Basic Concepts
KEDB: Known Error Database, where Known Errors and their documented
workarounds are maintained. This database is owned by Problem Management.
Yes
Change Needed? No Resolution Closure End
Management
Access Management
Problem Investigation Team Problem Investigation Team comprises of experts on specified functional domains for a specific problem investigation & resolution. Investigate & resolve problems using a structured approach.
Basic Concepts
Roles
40
Management
Access Management
Access Management is the process of granting authorized users the right to use a service, while preventing access to non-authorized users.
Basic Concepts
Granting authorized users the access to their Required services Ensure that the access provided is of Right level
41
Management
Access Management
Access: Level & Extent of functionality that users can enjoy. Identity: Unique Information about the user which confirms his status within
the organization.
Basic Concepts
Rights: Actual settings which ensure that users get the required access. Service & Service Groups: Set of services to which users can get the access
in one go.
42
Service Desk
Objectives
Organizational Structure
To support the agreed IT service provision by ensuring the accessibility and availability of the IT organization and by performing various supporting activities.
43
Service Desk
Objectives
Organizational Structure
Technical Management
Application Management
IT Operations Management
Request Fulfillment
Service Desk
Objectives
Organizational Structure
A centralized Service Desk serves multiple user groups from different physical locations.
45
Service Desk
Objectives
Organizational Structure
A Service Desk that has no physical structure, but instead relies on technology to coordinate call resolution across disparate Service Desk staff and to provide a centralized Knowledgebase. 46
Service Desk
Objectives
Organizational Structure
Utilizing multiple Service Desks across different time-zones in order to provide 24x7 availability of the Service Desk. Typically there will still be a centrally managed Knowledgebase to enhance the quality of support delivered.
47
Service Desk
Role
Objectives
48
Service Desk
Role
Objectives
The use of adequate technical skills to maintain the technical infrastructure in optimum condition. Swift use of technical skills to speedily diagnose and resolve any technical failures that do occur.
49
Service Desk
Role
Objectives
Is performed according to the performance standards define during the Service Design. Consists of two sub functions that are unique and generally formal organizational structure: IT Operations Control Facilities Management
50
Service Desk
Role
Management
Management
Facilities Management
Management of the physical IT environment, usually data centers or computer rooms. In some organizations many physical components have been outsourced and Facilities Management may include the management of the outsourcing contracts.
Objectives
51
Service Desk
Role
Objectives
Regular scrutiny and improvements to achieve improved service at reduce costs while maintaining stability.
Applications of operational skills to quickly diagnose or resolve any IT operations failures that occurs.
52
Service Desk
Role
Objectives
53
Service Desk
Role
Objectives
Assist in the design and deployment of those applications and provide ongoing support and improvement of those applications;
54
55
Service Operation
Service Operation Functions IT Operation Management
Service Design
Service Transition
Service Design Package Service Catalogue SLA. OLA, UCs Availability, Capacity Information Security Service Knowledge Management System Successful Change Testing & Validation Results
Technical Management
Service Desk Application Management Incident Management Request Fulfillment Event Management
Problem Management
Access Management
56
57
Review, and make recommendations on improvements To align analyze IT Services with changing business needs. opportunities in each Lifecycle phase.
Identify and implement improvements to the IT Services Review and analyze Service Level achievements. that supports business process.
Improve: IT service quality The efficiency and effectiveness of enabling ITSM processes. The cost-effectiveness of delivering IT services. Binds all the other elements of the Service Lifecycle together and ensures that both the services and the capabilities for providing them continually improves and matures.
58
Objectives
The Measure
59
Business Requirements Request for New Services Service and Process Management
Modify CSI Implement CSI
External Requirements
Security Requirements
61
Measureable Target
62
Continual Service Improvement Model Balanced Metrics & Business Value Baselines
Scorecard
Role of Measurement Reason to Measure
Measurements
Factual Evidence
63
Continual Service Improvement Model Balanced Metrics & Business Value Baselines
Scorecard
Role of Measurement Reason to Measure
Measurements
Validate
Direct
Justify Intervene
64
Continual Service Improvement Model Balanced Metrics & Business Value Baselines
Scorecard
Measurements
Establish baseline as makers or starting points For later comparison As initial data points to determine if service needs to be improved.
Baseline: Needs to be documented Have to be at: Strategic Level Tactical Level Operational Level
65
Continual Service Improvement Model Balanced Metrics & Business Value Baselines
Scorecard Gives the overview of the health of the organizations on four main areas: Customer, Financial, Internal and Knowledge.
Measurements
The Balance Scorecard is the presentation and final result of various level of metrics and measurement.
66
Continual Service Improvement Model Balanced Metrics & Business Value Baselines
Scorecard
Measurements
There are 3 types of metrics that an organization will need to collect to support CSI activities as well as other process activities: Technology Metrics: Often associated with component and application-based metrics such as performance, availability etc. Process Metrics: Captured in the form of KPIs and activity metrics for the service management processes which determine the overall health of a process. Service Metrics: The results of the end-to-end service. Component metrics are used to calculate the service metrics. The Service Level Manager(s) and Service Owners are responsible for defining appropriate service metrics.
67
The CSI Manager is responsible for the success of all improvement activities.
2. Define What You can Measure
GOAL
6. Present and Use the Information 3. Gather the Data
The Service owner is accountable for a specific services within the organization, regardless of where the underpinning technology components, processes or professional capabilities resides. The Service Manager is an important role that manages the development, implementation, evaluation and ongoing management of new and existing product and services.
68