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Water - Regulation & Governance
Water - Regulation & Governance
About 700 million people in 43 countries live below the water-stress threshold of 1,700 cubic metres per person per year. In 20 years, 3 billion people will live in countries under that threshold.
Source: Human Development Report 2006
15 cm
Item
Estiimated Annual Precipitation (including 4000 328.73 1097.1 1869
Unit
BCM Million Ha Million BCM
"India has 16% of the world's population, 2.5% of the land mass and 4% of the world's water 5 (estimated as on 1.3.2005) 1703.6 cu.m resources. 6 Estimated utilizable water 1122 BCM
Geographical Area Population (projected as on 1.3.2005) Average Annual Potential in Rivers Per capita Water Availability
(i) Surface (ii) Ground
Total
Source: Central Water Commission, Govt of India
634
1093
1447
Stage of GW Development
Assessment Units* Over exploited: 673 Dark 425 Total 7928
(* Blocks; Taluka; Watershed)
Over-exploited where the stage of ground water development exceeds the annual replenish able limit Dark where the stage of ground water development is more than 85%.
673 425
Arsenic
Fluoride
Iron
Nitrate
Salinity
WAY AHEAD
A Multi pronged Approach need to be adopted covering SOCIO ECONOMIC TECHNICAL & POLITICAL aspects 1. TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE, RECLAIM e.g. NEWater, Singapore REMEDIATE / RESTORE: Impaired, contaminated Surface & Groundwater sources e.g. Houstanic River Restoration, USA
INVENT / INNOVATE
New industrial & agricultural processes/ technologies for efficient water use New products, seeds that require lesser water
Established extensive system of temporary dams to divert river and remediate 95,000 cubic yards of PCB-contaminated sediment TeamLink technology expedited communication
WAY AHEAD
2. SOCIAL ACTIONS .
Create Awareness / Consciousness among the community,
farmers
Water Neutral Initiatives by industries to make operations Water Neutral Make a Difference: Corporate Initiatives to Make a Difference to the Society / local community and global.
WAY AHEAD
3. ECONOMIC MEASURES .
Right Pricing of Water: for Commercial applications / Water
intensive operations
WAY AHEAD
4. REGULATORY / POLITICAL ACTIONS .
1. Introduce Mandatory regulations to encourage Sustainable development 2. Restoration of Impaired, contaminated Surface & Groundwater sources 3. Introduce Mechanisms to monitor and track water consumption pattern large consumers. 4. Adopt Integrated management approach towards Surface & Ground Water Sources