The growth of a profession

Prepared by:Dr/ Doria Hassan Abd Elrahim

Out line
Introduction Definition Nursing theories Education preparation Practice setting Level of prevention Role and function of nurse Characteristic of professional Code of ethics Trends of nursing

Introduction
The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual,
sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health, its recovery, or to a peaceful death that the client would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to

help the client gain independence as rapidly as possible.

Definition of professional nurse

The professional nurse who is responsible for one hospital unit, where nursing care is provided

THEORIST Orem (1971)

NURSING THEORISTS
GOAL
To care for and help client attain total self-care.

FRAMEWORK
Self-Care Deficit Theory. Nursing care becomes necessary when client is unable to fulfill their needs. evolves along life process. Client continuously changes and coexists with environment.

Rogers (1970)

To maintain and promote health, prevent illness, and care for and rehabilitate ill and disabled client.

Leininger (1978)

To provide care consistent with nursings emerging science and knowledge with caring as central focus.

Transcultural Care Theory is the central and unifying domain for nursing knowledge and practice.

Educational preparation
Associated degree Diploma Baccalaureate Graduated nursing Continuity education In-service education

Practice setting
Hospitals, skilled nursing. Community services: 1. Health centers 2. Schools 3. Occupational health 4. Home health

LEVELS OF PREVENTIVE CARE

PRIMARY PREVENTION Health Promotion Specific Protection SECONDARY PREVENTION Early Diagnosis and treatment Disability Limitations TERTIARY PREVENTION Restoration & Rehabilitation

Roles and Functions of the nurse

Caregiver Clinical Decision Maker Patient advocate Case manager Rehabilitator Comforter Communicator Teacher

Characteristics of a profession

Education Body of knowledge Service Autonomy Code of ethics

CODE OF ETHICS American Nurses Association

1. The nurse provides services with respect for human dignity. 2. The nurse safeguards the clients right to privacy 3. The nurse acts to safeguard the client and the public when health

care and safety are affected by the incompetent, unethical, or illegal

practice of any person. 4. The nurse assumes responsibility and accountability for individual

nursing judgments and actions.

5. The nurse maintains competence in nursing.

CODE OF ETHICS
American Nurses Association
6. accepting responsibilities, and delegating nursing activities to others. 7. The nurse participates in activities. 8. The nurse participates in the professions efforts to implement and improve standards of nursing. 9. The nurse participates in the professions effort to protect the public from misinformation and misrepresentation and to maintain the integrity of nursing. 11. The nurse collaborates with members of the health professions and other citizens in promoting community and national efforts to meet the health needs of the public.

Trends in nursing
Basic nursing education in community colleges and universities. A growing variety of employment settings. Growing emphasis on the aspects of nursing that characterize it as a profession. Increasing political influence of nursing. Nursing influences on health care policy and practice.