PLANT LAYOUT

MEANING AND DEFINITION

Plant layout means the arrangement of
departments and equipments within factory.
It concern with the orderly arrangement of
machines, work areas and service areas so as
to obtain the maximum output at the lowest
possible cost. It involves maximum and
effective utilisation of resources available in a
factory.
DEFINITION

Plant layout is the arrangement of
machines, work areas and service areas
within a factory
--R.TEERY
OBJECTIVES OF PLANT LAYOUT
1. To ensure the most effective and optimum utilisation of
the available area.
2. To promote efficient production planning and control.
3. To minimize accident.
4. To ensure better quality product.
5. To provide better customer service.
6. To ensure less scrap.
7. To minimize production delays.
8. To provide safety to the men working in the plant.
9. To reduce manufacturing costs.
10. To improve morale of employees.
ADVANTAGES OF GOOD LAYOUT
FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE WORKER, a good plant is expected to---

1. Reduce their effort
2. Reduce the number of accidents
3. Improve the working conditions
4. Expand the process of specialization



FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE
MANUFACTURING COSTS

1. Reduce the maintenance costs;
2. Reduce the tool replacement costs
3. Ensure the better control
4. Minimize the waste of raw material
consumption


FROM THE STANDPOINT OF CAPITAL
INVESTMENT
1. Maintain proper inter-departmental balance
2. Hold permanent investment at a minimum
3. Reduce the work-in-process and the stock of
finished products
4. Reduce the amount of material, handling
equipment required
5. Ensure better utilization of available floor
space
TYPES OF PLANT LAYOUT
There are three main types of plant layout
1. Product or line layout
2. Process or function layout
3. A combination of product and process layout
PRODUCT AND LINE LAYOUT
Product or line layout refers to the
arrangement of machines or equipment in a
line. The purpose is to arrange the production
equipment in a sequence that it is in the same
sequence as required for the manufacture of
a product without any deviation of materials.
This system of arrangement is also know as
straight-line layout.
RECEIPT OF RAW MATERIAL
DESPATCH OF FINISHED
GOODS
Product
A
Product B
ASSEMBLY
LINE OF OPERATION/ EQUIPMENT ARRANGMENT
ADVANTAGES OF PRODUCT OR LINE
LAYOUT
1. Reduce in cost of production
2. Reduce in the labour costs
3. Effective control of production
4. saving in manufacturing time
5. Optimal use of floor space
PRCESS OR FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT
Process or functional layout refers to an
arrangement whereby similar machines are placed in
one department for one separate operation. This
type of layout is also know as one type or process
grouping method.
For example an industry is manufacture of three
different product, all of which involve common
operation, welding, painting, grinding. Under this
type of arrangement, we may have one welding
department, one painting department and the
grinding department, all the product will have to go
through these department for the performance of
these specialised operations
A COMBINATION OF LINE AND
PROCESS LAYOUT
It is a layout which involves use of both line
and process layout.