HISTORY REVISION

Causes of World War

Causes of WW1 summary

1. Long-term causes of the war
2. Incidents that increased tension
3. Assassination at Sarajevo
4. The Schlieffen plan
5. The steps to war in 1914
Quick Quiz
1. What does world Nationalism mean?


2. What does word imperialism mean?


3. Which countries were part of the Triple Alliance?


4. Which countries were part of the Triple Entente?


5. What was the arms race?


6. Whos assassination led to WWI?


7. Why was he assassinated and by whom?





1) Long-term causes of the war
Nationalism A belief that our country is better than
yours. Made countries wary of each other and was one of the
reason why countries like Germany , France and Russia were
rearming.

Alliances The triple alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary &
Italy) and the triple entente (Britain, France & Russia).

Colonies German was jealous of other countries
possessions abroad and wanted to extend its empire. Wanted
to build empire in the sun in Africa leads to tensions in
Morocco.

Arms Race German competed with Britain and France to
see who could build the biggest army & navy. This is
important when looking at the building of the dreadnoughts
and Britain won that battle.
Alliances
Triple Alliance Triple Entente
2) Incidents that increased tension
First Moroccan Crisis (1905) - Kaiser Wilhelm promised to
support the sultan of Morocco against France's attempts to take over
the country. The French look to Britain for support and the
Germans eventually backdown.

Bosnia (1908) - Austria annexed Bosnia in the Balkans from
Turkey. This annoyed Serbia, which had wanted to take over the
area. Russia wanted to help Serbia, but had to back down. This has
great links to the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Agadir (2
nd
Moroccan Crisis 1911) - There was a revolution in
Morocco, so France sent an army to take over and help put down the
rebellion. Kaiser Wilhelm sent the gunship 'Panther to stir up
trouble, but Britain and France forced him to back down.

Balkan Wars (1912-1913) - Serbia and other countries in the
Balkans conquered most of Turkey's land in Europe. Serbia became
a powerful country, and said Austria-Hungary was its next target.
The
Spark
Assassination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and
Duchess Sophie at Sarajevo,
Bosnia, on June 28th, 1914.
3) The assassination of Franz Ferdinand...
On the morning of 28 June 1914, a failed assassination attempt led Archduke Franz
Ferdinand to try to abandon his visit to the Sarajevo. However, by a stroke of bad
luck, he came face to face with another assassin on his journey to the railway station
and was shot dead.

1. Sarajevo was in Bosnia, the province that - to Serbia's anger - had been annexed
by Austria-Hungary in 1908. Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir to the throne of
Austria-Hungary. He was inspecting the army in Sarajevo with his wife Sophie.
The royal couple arrived by train at 9.28am.

2. The first conspirator who tried to kill Franz Ferdinand was Nedeljko Cabrinovic -
he threw a bomb at his car. He missed and was arrested.

3. The Archduke escaped unhurt and went to the town hall. He decided to abandon
the visit and return home via a different route to the one planned. The royal
couple left the town hall immediately.

4. No one had told the driver the route had changed. On the way back, therefore,
the driver turned into Franz Josef Street, following the published route and,
when told of his error, stopped the car to turn around. Unfortunately, the car
stopped in front of Gavrilo Princip, one of the conspirators, who was on his way
home thinking he had failed.

5. Princip pulled out a gun and shot at Franz Ferdinand, hitting him in the jugular
vein. There was a tussle, during which Princip shot and killed Sophie. By
11.30am, Franz Ferdinand had bled to death.
Austrian Archduke
Franz Ferdinand
was killed in
Bosnia by a
Serbian
nationalist group
called the Black
Hand who
believed that
Bosnia should
belong to Serbia.

Domino Effect
Austria blamed Serbia for Ferdinands death and declared
war on Serbia.
Germany pledged their support for Austria -Hungary.

Russia pledged their support for Serbia.

Domino Effect
Germany declares war on Russia.
France pledges their support for Russia.
Germany declares war on France.
Germany invades Belgium on the way to France.
Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war on Germany.
Allied Powers
Central Powers
World War I
4. The Schlieffen plan

The plan was drawn up by
General Von Schlieffen.

German troops would suprise
the French by attacking Paris
through Belgium.

It was thought the Russians
would take weeks to organise
an army.

Little resistance expected, plan
was to capture Paris in 6 weeks!

The French surrender would
allow the Germans to move
troops to the Russian front.