This document discusses various types of conventional titanium alloys. It notes that over 100 titanium alloys are known but only 20-30 are commonly used commercially. The most popular is Ti-6Al-4V, which accounts for over 50% of usage. The document categorizes titanium alloys into α alloys, near-α alloys, α+β alloys, and metastable alloys. It provides details on composition, properties, and applications of some common alloys like Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6-2-4-2, and TIMETAL 834. Metastable alloys can achieve extremely high strengths over 1400MPa but have complex microstructures.
Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting: Electric, Forge and Thermit Welding together with related methods and materials used in metal working and the oxygen process for removal of carbon
Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting
Electric, Forge and Thermit Welding together with related methods and materials used in metal working and the oxygen process for removal of carbon
Heat-Treatment of Steel: A Comprehensive Treatise on the Hardening, Tempering, Annealing and Casehardening of Various Kinds of Steel: Including High-speed, High-Carbon, Alloy and Low Carbon Steels, Together with Chapters on Heat-Treating Furnaces and on Hardness Testing
This document discusses various types of conventional titanium alloys. It notes that over 100 titanium alloys are known but only 20-30 are commonly used commercially. The most popular is Ti-6Al-4V, which accounts for over 50% of usage. The document categorizes titanium alloys into α alloys, near-α alloys, α+β alloys, and metastable alloys. It provides details on composition, properties, and applications of some common alloys like Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6-2-4-2, and TIMETAL 834. Metastable alloys can achieve extremely high strengths over 1400MPa but have complex microstructures.
This document discusses various types of conventional titanium alloys. It notes that over 100 titanium alloys are known but only 20-30 are commonly used commercially. The most popular is Ti-6Al-4V, which accounts for over 50% of usage. The document categorizes titanium alloys into α alloys, near-α alloys, α+β alloys, and metastable alloys. It provides details on composition, properties, and applications of some common alloys like Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6-2-4-2, and TIMETAL 834. Metastable alloys can achieve extremely high strengths over 1400MPa but have complex microstructures.
This document discusses various types of conventional titanium alloys. It notes that over 100 titanium alloys are known but only 20-30 are commonly used commercially. The most popular is Ti-6Al-4V, which accounts for over 50% of usage. The document categorizes titanium alloys into α alloys, near-α alloys, α+β alloys, and metastable alloys. It provides details on composition, properties, and applications of some common alloys like Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6-2-4-2, and TIMETAL 834. Metastable alloys can achieve extremely high strengths over 1400MPa but have complex microstructures.
Dr. Luis Arturo Reyes Osorio Team: Aeros October 24 th of 2013 Subject: Conventional Titanium Alloys Page 2
Page 3 Conventional Ti Alloys Today more than 100 titanium alloys are known, however, only 20 to 30 have reached cmmercial status. Of these, the calssic alloy Ti-6Al-4V covers more than 50 % of usage. Another 20 to 30% is unalloyed titanium. Tab 1.5 lists the currently used titanium alloys. Page 4 Here the types of conventional Titanium Alloys Page 5 Alloys Page 6 To reach the required strength level of cp titanium grades, only oxygen is intentionally alloyed; while elements like carbon and iron are considered impurities brought to the alloy via manufacturing processes Page 7 Cp grades for Titanium Alloys Grade 1 : is used for deep drawing applicatons, like sheet metal for explosive claddings. Grade 2: with tensile strength levels between 390 and 540 MPa, is the most cp Ti alloy. Grade 3 is neraly exclusively used for pressure vessel applications. Grade 4 has the highest strength of up to 740 MPa and is preferentially used for mountings and fittings. Near Alloys Page 9 Near- titanium alloys are the classic high-temperature alloys. This alloy class is ideal for high temperatures since it combines the excellent creep behavior of alloys with the high strength of + alloys. Today their upper operating temperature is limited to about 500 to 550C. Page 10 Ti-8-1-1 was the first titanium alloy particularly developed for high temperatures. The high Al content led, however, to stress corrosion problems; therefore, all conventional titanium alloys in use today are limited in aluminum content to a maximum of 6%. The follow-up alloy, Ti-6-2-4-2, developed by Timet, also has this lower Al content. In the 1970s investigations by RMI were of central importance to the further success of elevated temperature titanium alloys: research discovered that small additions of only up to 0.1 wt. % Si would substantially improve the creep behavior of Ti-6-2-4-2. The alloy was named Ti-6-2-4-2-S. Page 11 The first commercial Si-containing titanium alloy was developed by IMI in the United Kingdom: IMI 679. The follow-up alloy, IMI 685, was the first alloy to be used in the -annealed condition due to the superior creep performance of this microstructure. One of the most advanced conventional high temperature titanium alloys today is the American TIMETAL 834, originally developed in the UK. + Alloys Ti-6Al-4V Most popular titanium alloy. More than 50% of all alloys are of this composition. Developed in1950s at the Illinois Institute of Technology. One of the very first titanium alloys to be made. Reasons for the success: 1.- Good balance of its properties. 2.- Most intensively developed and tested titanium alloy, which is a major advantage.
Especially in the aerospace industry, the largest user of Ti-6Al-4V.
Other alloys Ti-6-6-2 and IMI 550: primarily developed for high strength. . High strength and high toughness is realized with Ti-6-2-4-6. 6-2-2-2-2, Ti-55-24-S or Ti-17 were primarily developed for elevated temperature applications in gas turbine engines up to about 400C.
Page 16 Metastable Alloys Over the last few decades the importance of metastable alloys has steadily increased. These alloys can be hardened to extremely high strenght levels of more than 1400MPa. The complex Microstructure enables the designer to optimize for both high strenght and high toughness. This is true for TIMETAL and beta C.
Page 17
Other Metastable alloys like TIMETAL 21S was specially developed as an oxidation resistant foil alloy to be used as the matrix for long fiber reunforced titanium alloys. TIMETAL LCB is a price-sensitive alloy (LCB= low- cost beta) particularly aimed at applications beyond the aerospace sector e.g for te automative industry. Page 18 Beta CEZ was developed in France for application at moderate temperature in gas turbine engines. Due to its very fine grained bimodal microstructure, the japanese alloy SP 700 C. Wide spread application of alloys is, however, limited bye its relatively high specific weight, modest weldability, poor oxidation behavior, and complex microstructure.
Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting: Electric, Forge and Thermit Welding together with related methods and materials used in metal working and the oxygen process for removal of carbon
Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting
Electric, Forge and Thermit Welding together with related methods and materials used in metal working and the oxygen process for removal of carbon
Heat-Treatment of Steel: A Comprehensive Treatise on the Hardening, Tempering, Annealing and Casehardening of Various Kinds of Steel: Including High-speed, High-Carbon, Alloy and Low Carbon Steels, Together with Chapters on Heat-Treating Furnaces and on Hardness Testing