This document contains questions and answers on various topics related to microscopy, microbiology, and molecular biology techniques. It discusses microscopy magnification and components, bacterial morphology and classification, staining techniques like Gram staining and capsule staining, antibiotic testing and mechanisms of resistance, and molecular biology techniques like PCR, microarrays, and determining phenotype from gene expression data.
Original Description:
A Jeopardy template for microbiology test questions.
This document contains questions and answers on various topics related to microscopy, microbiology, and molecular biology techniques. It discusses microscopy magnification and components, bacterial morphology and classification, staining techniques like Gram staining and capsule staining, antibiotic testing and mechanisms of resistance, and molecular biology techniques like PCR, microarrays, and determining phenotype from gene expression data.
This document contains questions and answers on various topics related to microscopy, microbiology, and molecular biology techniques. It discusses microscopy magnification and components, bacterial morphology and classification, staining techniques like Gram staining and capsule staining, antibiotic testing and mechanisms of resistance, and molecular biology techniques like PCR, microarrays, and determining phenotype from gene expression data.
Question: How many microliters (l) are in 5.5 milliliters (ml)?
Answer: 5500 l
Question: The ability of a lens to allow identification of two adjacent structures as discrete objects is called what?
Answer: Resolving power
Question: Name the 3 domains under which all living organisms are classified. Answer: Archaea Bacteria Eukarya
Question: What would you call a bacterium that likes salty, acidic living conditions?
Answer: Haloacidophile
Question: What are the 3 most common bacterial morphologies?
Answer: Coccus Bacillum Spirillum
Question: True or false. If false, why? Prokaryotes do not have microtubules, divide by mitosis, have a 70S ribosome, and a single circular chromosome.
Answer: False. Prokaryotes divide by fission or budding.
Question: Please assign this bacteria with a name that denotes shape and arrangement.
Answer: Streptococcus
Question: Simple staining utilizes a dye that is attached to a charged molecule, which may be attracted to or repelled by the bacterial membrane. What is the proper name for the molecule?
Answer: Chromophore
Question: Fill in the blank. Transferring bacteria from one place to another without contamination is called _______ technique.
Answer: Sterile or Aseptic
Question: Identify the two tools shown below.
Answer:
Purple: Inoculating needle Blue: Inoculating loop
Question: What is the charge of the dye used in the picture and give two other examples of similar dyes.
Answer: The dye is acidic or negatively charged. nigrosin, India ink, acid fuchsin, congo red, eosin
Question: What is the main procedural difference between basic and negative staining? What purpose does this difference in procedure serve?
Answer: Heat-fixing 1. Kills the bacteria 2. Makes bacteria adhere to the slide 3. Coagulates cytoplasmic proteins to make them more visible upon staining.
Question: Please list the following reagents or tasks in the order used for gram staining. 95% Ethanol, Crystal violet, Safranin, Iodine, Heat fix
Question: What molecule in the cell wall does an acid-fast stain detect?
Answer: Mycolic acid
Question: What is the most important step in Gram-staining and why?
Answer: Decolorizing Too long Destains all cells causing false negatives Too short Doesnt destain Gram(-) cells causing false positives
Question: During a Gram stain, why does Gram(+) bacteria retain the stain while Gram(-) does not? Answer: Gram(-) bacteria cell walls contain a high amount of lipid that is extracted by the decolorization step. The cell wall becomes porous and is unable to retain the stain.
Question: What type of differential stain is shown below? Name one component that is contained in the halo structure.
Answer: Capsule stain Glycocalyx = Polysaccharide, polyalcohol, or polyamine
Question: Whats the difference between the terms antimicrobial agent and antibiotics?
Answer: Antibiotics are made by microbes and antimicrobial agents cover both antibiotics and synthetic chemotherapeutic agents.
Question: What is the term given for the zones of inhibition that collide as shown in this Kirby-Bauer test?
Answer: Antimicrobial synergism
Question: Penicillin contains a functional group with a four membered ring. 1. What is the group called? 2. What enzyme and cellular function does it inhibit?
Answer: 1. -lactam ring 2. Transpeptidase and cell wall cross-linking formation
Question: Name three mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
Answer: Enzymatic alteration Decreased permeability Efflux Alteration of target site Protection target site Overproduction of target Bypass of inhibited process Bind up of antibiotic
Question: Name two factors that have an effect on the zone of inhibition for the Kirby-Bauer test.
Answer: -Concentration of the test organism -Rate of growth of the test organism -Concentration of antibiotic in the disk -Diffusion of the antibiotic in the agar -Susceptibility of the organism to the antibiotic
Question: What enzyme performs the reaction below?
mRNA cDNA Answer: Reverse transcriptase
Question: If I performed the following experiment and expected a decrease in gene transcription for gene X in my experimental cells, what color dot would you expect the microarray to show for gene X? Answer: Green
Question: Put the following tasks in the order they are performed for a microarray: 1. Print sequence on microarray 2. Visualize results 3. Isolate mRNA from cells 4. Create and label cDNA 5. Analyze data 6. Hybridization Answer: 1,3,4,6,2,5
Question: If the mRNA sequence for my gene is 5-UGGCA-3 then what would be my 5 to 3 cDNA sequence?
Answer: 5-TGCCA-3
Question: Fill in the blank. Differences in gene expression determine a cells __________.