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M06 Thermal
M06 Thermal
M06 Thermal
Module 6
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Training Manual
J anuary 30, 2001
Inventory #001441
6-2
Thermal Analysis
In this chapter, we will briefly describe the procedure to do a
steady-state thermal analysis.
The purpose is two-fold:
To reiterate the typical analysis steps that were introduced in
Chapter 4.
To introduce you to thermal loads and boundary conditions.
Topics covered:
A. Overview
B. Procedure
C. Workshop
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Training Manual
J anuary 30, 2001
Inventory #001441
6-3
Thermal Analysis
A. Overview
Thermal analyses are used to determine the temperature
distribution, thermal gradient, heat flow, and other such
thermal quantities in a structure.
A thermal analysis can be steady-state or transient.
Steady-state implies that the loading conditions have settled
down to a steady level, with little or no time dependency.
Example: An iron that has already reached the desired
temperature setting.
Transient* implies conditions that are changing with time.
Example: A casting in the process of cooling down from molten
metal to solid.
* Not covered in this course
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Training Manual
J anuary 30, 2001
Inventory #001441
6-4
Thermal Analysis
...Overview
Thermal loading conditions can be:
Temperatures Regions of the model where temperatures are known.
Convections Surfaces where heat is transferred to (or from)
surroundings by means of convection. Input consists
of film coefficient h and bulk temperature of the
surrounding fluid T
b
.
Heat flux* Surfaces where the heat flow rate per unit area is
known.
Heat flow* Points where the heat flow rate is known.
Heat generation* Regions where the volumetric heat generation rate is
known.
Radiation* Surfaces where heat transfer occurs by means of
radiation. Input consists of emissivity, Stefan-
Boltzmann constant, and optionally, temperature at a
space node.
Adiabatic surfaces Perfectly insulated surfaces where no heat transfer
takes place.
* Not covered in this course
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Training Manual
J anuary 30, 2001
Inventory #001441
6-5
Thermal Analysis
B. Procedure
The procedure to do a steady-state thermal analysis is similar
to that for a static stress analysis:
Preprocessing
Geometry
Meshing
Solution
Loading
Solve
Postprocessing
Review results
Validate the solution
Setting GUI preferences (Main Menu > Preferences) to Thermal
may be helpful.
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Training Manual
J anuary 30, 2001
Inventory #001441
6-6
Thermal Analysis - Procedure
Preprocessing
Geometry
Can either be created within ANSYS or imported.
Details of both methods will be covered later.
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Training Manual
J anuary 30, 2001
Inventory #001441
6-7
Thermal Analysis - Procedure
...Preprocessing
Meshing
First define element attributes: element type, real constants,
and material properties.
Element type
The table below shows commonly used thermal element
types.
There is only one DOF per node: TEMP
2-D Solid 3-D Solid 3-D Shell Line Elements
Linear PLANE55
SOLID70
SHELL57
LINK31,32,33,34
Quadratic
PLANE77
PLANE35
SOLID90
SOLID87