WELCOME TO INDUSTRIAL

TRAINING INSTITUTE
CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK
( CAN )
CAN Bus systems
The abbreviation "CAN" means
Controller Area Network.
The CAN (Controller Area Network)
(History)
Origin of the CAN system :

1. Created in 1980, developed by Robert BOSCH
company
2. First components in 1985
3. ISO certification achieved in 1991, follow by
modifications in 1993 and 1995
4. First application on vehicle in 1992 with
Mercedes Benz


Introduction:

1. According to the increase of equipments and
convenient parts in the car, including the safety
for both driver and passenger which all of these
require a lot of wires and harnesses.
2. In order to reduce amount of wires and harnesses.

A bus system is a network, in which data between different
devices (e.g ECUs) is transmitted by a coded ( logical ) signal.
Because of the coding, it is possible to connect all devices by a
minimum amount of wiring. Other reasons to use bus systems ?
1. Less wiring / devices (saves weight and cost)


2. More safety against system failure
3. Easier Implementation of Complex functions
What is a bus system?
SERIES CONFIGURATION
STANDARD CONFIGURATION
A subscriber (control unit) speaks data into the line network while
the other subscribers listen in to this data. Some subscribers will be
interested in this data and will utilise it. The other subscribers will
choose to ignore this data.
THE PRINCIPLE OF DATA BUS
Outline of Multiplex
Communication
How are you doing? It will get hot today.
Where are we going
today?
Is there anybody want to go to
mountain?
Excellent!
Lets go to a mountain
Where are we going today?
How are you doing?
Outline of Multiplex
Communication
NETWORK LAYOUTS
HUMAN NETWORK
COMPUTER NETWORK
COMMUNICATION NETWORK
RING
STAR
BUS

From a central control unit to
a networked system

Car with 3 control units
Vehicle with 3 control units
and bus system
Vehicle with 3 control units
and bus system
Copy Right Reserve Akademi Saga / Eon Berhad
When connecting between ECUs using CAN,
only 2 wires are needed between all of them.
CAN_H
CAN_L
CAN has differential-2-line system. It consists of CAN_H for higher
voltage and CAN_L for lower voltage.
ECU ECU
Main LineMain communication line for CAN
Main Line
Terminal
Resistance
Terminal ResistanceResistances attached on the ends of Main line.
Harness impedance is 120 ohm.


120
Branch
Line
ECUs
1.5m
Branch LineWiring for connecting with other ECUs.
CAN Connection (Physical Layer)
1.5m
CAN Bus systems

Basic CAN-Bus System
What is CAN-Bus?
Control Area Network-Bus Electrical System
BCM
EMS
700
ABS TCU
Meter
Cluster
SRS
Airbags
PADT-07
Maximum communication speed is 1Mbps
but PROTON only use 500kbps
K-Line Communication
CAN-BUS Communication
CAN-H
CAN-L
Twisted pair,
CAN high and CAN low wire
Data is exchanged between the control units via both of
these wires.

The data comes in the form of engine speed, tank fill level
and road speed, for example.

SPHO/6/05
The data bus comprises two
lines along which
information is sent.

To avoid electromagnetic
interference and radiation
emission, the two data bus
lines are twisted together.
Note twist length.

The features of the CAN
data bus.
2.5V
3.5V
1.5V
Twisted wire
CAN-H
CAN-L
Twisted Wire
0
1
2
3
5
V
0
1 1
Can high
Can low
Logical signal
Tension
CAN signal
120 ohm
120 ohm
Communication Methods
(Reception
ECU1
ECU2
ECU3
Broadcast: All ECUs are able to receive transmission data.
ID Filtering: Receiver ECUs decide whether it should receive the
data or not depending on the ID.
I dont
need ID1
I need ID1
Digital signal Parallel signal
4
x
1
bit
1
x
4
bit
4
x
1
bit
4
x
1
bit
Signal Types
The data frame is necessary to identify one specific message! It contains all
necessary information such as start, address , message, priority, end, etc.

Dataframe
start end
Contents of CAN Data Frame
Protocol Characteristics
SOF Start of frame
ID The Identifier gives different
priorities
DATA Data bit (s).
ACK Acknowledge signal when
the data is received
SOF
Control CRC ACK EOF
1bit 0-64bit => 0-8byte
ID
RTR
DATA
11bit 1bit 6bit 16bit 2bit 7bit
SOF
ID DATA
ACK EOF
EOF End of frame bit
RTR Remote transmission request
Control gives the amount of bits send
CRC Cyclic redundancy check
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0 1 1 0
Varian
dengan 1
bit
Maklumat
yang
mungkin
Varian
dengan 2
bit
Maklumat
yang
mungkin
Varian
dengan 3
bit
Maklumat
yang
mungkin
0V 10C 0V, 0V 10C 0V, 0V, 0V 10C
5V 20C 0V,5V 20C 0V, 0V, 5V 20C
5V,0V 30C 0V, 5V, 0V 30C
5V,5V 40C 0V, 5V, 5V 40C
5V, 0V, 0V 50C
5V, 0V, 5V 60C
5V, 5V, 0V 70C
5V, 5V, 5V 80C
Example:
0001001101000100110010000101



The processing of the data are defined by the so called protocol.
The different network layouts have different protocols which are defined
by ISO or SAE or others.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 bit
=
1 bait
=
256 Information

Penghantaran data dalam bungkusan-bungkusan memerlukan pertukaran data sedikit
demi sedikit dengan menggunakan isyarat-isyarat digital, atau dalam istilah teknikal,
secara bit demi bit.

Dalam sistem konvensional, setiap maklumat dilalukan secara terus dari satu ECU ke ECU
yang lain melalui wayar-wayar individu dan ke pin-pin khas. Dengan menggunakan
komunikasi siri, maklumat perlu diterjemahkan kepada bit-bit yang merupakan isyarat-
isyarat logik (digital).

Isyarat-isyarat ini hanya mempunyai dua keadaan: on atau off, 1 atau 0, panjang atau
pendek dsb. 1 isyarat dengan dua keadaan yang mungkin merupakan jumlah maklumat
yang paling kecil, ia dipanggil 1 bit (singkatan digit dedua (binary digit)).

Sebarang maklumat boleh dihantar sebagai urutan bit. Dalam contoh di atas, keadaan
suis mati, hidup, hidup, mati diterjemahkan kepada urutan bit 0110 dan dihantar. Selepas
bungkusan 0110 diterima, ia "diterjemah" balik kepada maklumat kedudukan suis di
mana 0 = mati, 1 = hidup.

Oleh sebab terdapat banyak data yang akan dikongsi di antara unit-unit kawalan, kita
memerlukan sejumlah bit tertentu untuk menghantar maklumat yang dikehendaki
antara pelbagai sistem.

Penghantaran data bit demi bit

Untuk memahami dengan lebih baik, mari kita lihat berapa banyak maklumat yang oleh
dihantar oleh jumlah bit tertentu. Sebagai contoh, mari kita pertimbangkan bagaimana
menghantar maklumat suhu: Dengan satu bit, kita hanya mempunyai dua nilai, dengan 2
bit ada 4 nilai, dan dengan 3 bit, bilangannya menjadi 8.

Oleh sebab terdapat banyak data yang akan dikongsi di antara unit-unit kawalan, kita
memerlukan sejumlah bit tertentu untuk menghantar maklumat yang dikehendaki
antara pelbagai sistem. Untuk memahami dengan lebih baik, mari kita lihat berapa
banyak maklumat yang oleh dihantar oleh jumlah bit tertentu.

Untuk menjelaskan lagi prinsip ini, mari kita lihat pada kod ASCII (Kod Standard Amerika
bagi Pertukaran Maklumat) 7 bit dan terjemahkan mesej yang diberi dalam bit kepada
perkataan yang dapat dibaca: Dengan menggunakan carta Kod ASCII, kita dapati
0001001101000100110010000101 mewakili perkataan HELP. Anda juga boleh
menggunakan jadual ini dalam cara terbalik. Contohnya perkataan END akan diwakili
oleh 101000101110010010001.
Penghantaran data bit demi bit

ETACS :
Electric Time & Alarm
Control System
ETACS COMMUNICATION
METHOD
ETACS
Electric Time and Alarm Control System
SWS
Sun roof
Front
ECU
Column
Switch
Power
window
CAN
Engine
AT
Meter
MUT
A/C
ABS
ETACS
Keyless entry Warning buzzer
Wiper Exterior lamp
Center door lock Room lamp
- ETACS realizes useful functions for the driver.
( Mitsubishi original body controller )
- Some functions can be customized by MUT-3.
Turn signal buzzer
Turn signal
Intermittent time of rear wiper
Headlamp auto-cut
Interior lamp auto-cut
Keyless entry answer-back
Speed sensitive wipers
Customization
MUT
Some ETACS functions can
be customized by using MUT
ETACS
Functions
--- Customization functions ---
On board communication network system
4 kinds of network architecture
- LIN (Local Inconnect Network)
- CAN-B
- CAN-C
- Diagnosis CAN-C
Chassis Electrical
Do not route
one wire only
as a repair!
The maximum
untwisted
length should
be 10 cm
Harness Repair
Do not make change of
the connecting points for
repair.Always connect a
node to the main bus
Harness Repair
CAUTION
A digital multi-meter should be used when measuring resistance or voltage in CAN bus lines.
Otherwise, the equipment connected through the CAN lines may be damaged.
Disconnect the negative battery terminal when measuring the resistance in CAN bus line.
Otherwise, the equipment connected through the CAN lines may be damaged.
The test wiring harness (special tool) should be used to measure the voltage or resistance at a
female connector. Otherwise, the connector may be damaged.
The strand end of the twisted wires should be within 10 cm from the connector.
If you repair the twisted wires due to a defective connector or other reason, the strand end of the
twisted wire should be within 10 cm from the connector. If it is 10 cm or more away from the
connector, twist the wire just like the original condition. In such a condition, a communication error
may occur.
Strictly observe the specified wiring harness repair procedure when repairing a CAN bus line.
Otherwise, an error in the CAN communication may occur.
CAN > Service Precautions
What is BCM?
Body Control Module
BCM means that all basic/standard body functions
of a car will be controlled by one integrated control
module .
BCM can offer interesting & value added
features to customer.
Benefits
Cost
efficiency
Cost
reduction
Reduce
weight
Reduce total
components
As a selling
point to
customer.
Provide more
value added
features
Improve
productivity
Diagnostic
ability
BCM (Body Control Module)
> System diagram
BCM
Addition Deletion
Independence
Control Unit
Buzzer c/u
Alarm c/u
Flasher c/u
Timer c/u
Central lock c/u Mirror fold c/u
Defogger relay Horn relay Trunk release relay Driver un-lock relay
Change Item
Chassis electrical
Column switch
Intermittent circuitry move
to BCM and simplified
existing circuit diagram.
WIPER MOTOR
WIPER MOTOR
BCM
Change Item
Chassis electrical
Switch assy. Center; consist of 1. Front fog lamp switch
2. Hazard switch
3. Rear defogger switch
4. Rear fog lamp switch
NO Reset Alarm Switch
1 2 3 4
All the controller
circuitry move to
BCM.
(DELETE)
Change Item
Chassis electrical
Functions by BCM
Items Operation Remarks
1. Room Lamp battery saver If no change of state for doors and interior
lamp switch to permanent ON, lamp will
remain ON until timer reach 20 minutes.
Room lamp switch at
ON condition
2. Room Lamp dimmer
Both room lamps will turn ON when any door
open. When all doors closed, lamp become
dim gradually and turn OFF completely after
30s or immediately OFF after receive lock
key command.
Once unlock command received, room lamp
automatically ON.
Room lamp must be at
DOOR position
3. Lane change flashing Tap gently on the turn signal switch, turn
signal will flash for 3 times.
4. Front & rear wiper drip
wiping
Operating front washer + wipe will activate
one more wipe after 5 seconds to remove
excessive water on windscreen.
5. Hazard on deceleration Sudden braking at or above speed 96km/h
will activate hazard light.
Hazard only ON but
manually OFF
6. Reverse gear wipe While front wiper ON, engaging reverse
gear will activate rear wiper.
Rear wiper will follow
the front wiper speed
Functions by BCM
Items Operation Remarks
7. Programmable front wiper
INT
To activate the function, front wiper INT must
activate first then switch OFF. Duration
between front wiper park and next INT switch
activation will be stored and use as INT
timing.
Timing range minimum
1 sec and maximum
20 sec
8. Driver door unlock This can be change by push lock + unlock by
2 sec. 1
st
press unlock button will switch to
driver door unlock. 2
nd
press will unlock other
3 doors.
Car condition must be
in lock/arm condition
before configure at
key transmitter
9. Central lock overheating
protection
Operation of lock/unlock continuously will
prevent from door actuators from
overheating. Last position will be at unlock.
30 times
10. Speed auto lock
Vehicle central lock activate after vehicle
speed above 20km/h
11. Auto unlock by key removed Vehicle auto unlock will activate once key
remove from key barrel
Configurable by
diagnostic tools
(PADT-07) either
remove key or engine
stop.
12. Crash unlock During crash, vehicle unlock together with
hazard light flash.
SRS Airbags must be
deploy.
Functions by BCM
Items Operation Remarks
13. Front wiper speed change Front wiper speed will change to INT when
vehicle 0 km/h
14. Door open warning Buzzer will indicate that door is open when
speed more than 7 km/h
15. Alarm history Indicate at door ajar indicator if car been
broke down .
Alarm is armed and
door ajar will indicate
the door
16. Vehicle search To search vehicle push LOCK button 2
times. Buzzer will sound 3 times and hazard
will flash 3 times