Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Corticosteroids 1 of 2
Corticosteroids 1 of 2
Oestriol
Pregnenolone 17-α- Hydroxy Dehydro-epi
pregnenolone androsterone
• Permissive Actions
•Lipolytic effects
•Effect on BP
•Effect on bronchial muscles
(e.g.,sympathomimetic amine)
Pharmacological Actions
1. Carbohydrate 8. Stomach
2. Protein 9. Blood
3. Lipid 10. Anti-inflammatory
4. Electrolyte & water 11. Immunosuppressant
5. CVS 12. Respiratory system
6. Sk. Muscle 13. Growth & Cell Division
7. CNS 14. Calcium metabolism
Actions: Carbohydrate and protein metabolism
Negative nitrogen balance & hyperglycaemia
• Gluconeogenesis
– Peripheral actions (mobilize AA & glucose and glycogen)
– Hepatic actions
• Redistribution of Fat
• Buffalo hump
• Moon face
• Direct:
– Mood
– Behaviour
– Brain excitability
• Indirect:
– maintain glucose, circulation and electrolyte
balance
• Glucocorticoids
• Mineralocorticoids
• Amiodarone
• Vitamin A
• Oral contraceptives
• Tetracyclines
Lipocortin
Phospholipids
Phospholipase A2
Arachidonic acids
lipoxygenase Cycylooxygenase
Prostaglandins,
Leukotriene Thromboxane
PAF by lipocortin Prostacyclins
Anti-inflammatory actions of corticosteroids
Return
Immunosuppressive & anti-allergic actions
• Intestinal absorption
• Renal excretion
• Not bronchodilators
• Most potent and most effective anti-inflammatory
• Effects not seen immediately (delay 6 or more hrs)
• Inhaled corticosteroids are used for long term
control
Return
Preparations
Drug Anti-inflam. Salt retaining Topical
Cortisol 1 1.0 1
Cortisone 0.8 0.8 0
Prednisone 4 0.8 0
Prednisolone 5 0.3 4
Methylpredni- 5 0 5
solone
Intermediate acting
Triamcinolone 5 0 5
Paramethasone 10 0 -
Fluprednisolone 15 0 7
Preparations
Drug Anti-inflam. Salt retaining Topical
Long acting
Betamethasone 25-40 0 10
Dexamethasone 30 0 10
Mineralocorticoids
Fludrocortisone 10 250 10
DOCA 0 20 0
To be Continued in
the next Class ……
Synthesis
Stimuli Part Principal
product
Angiotensin II Zona Aldosterone
glomerulosa
ACTH Zona fasiculata Cortisol
& reticularis Adrenal androgens
Sympathetic Adrenaline &
nervous Medulla Nor-adrenaline
system