Hazardous Areas

HAZARDIOUS AREA
Hazardous Area is considered to be an area where a potential for explosion
and/or fire exists due to flammable gases / vapors .
The normal processing of certain volatile chemicals.
Accidental failure of storage systems.











Area Classification Or Zones
For Safe working Practice, Areas are divided into zone or class.
ZONE 0

Zone 0 is where Flammable Atmospheres are continuously present, or
present for long periods, ie. Greater than 1000 hours per year. Permitted form
of protection: Ex'ia'.
LPG Tanks
Zone 1
Zone 1 is where Flammable Atmospheres are likely to occur during normal
operation. i.e. 10-1000 hours per year. Permitted forms of protection: Any
type of protection suitable for Zone 0 and Ex'd', Ex'ib', Ex'p', Ex'e', Ex's',
Ex'm'.

Oil Storage Area
ZONE 2
Zone 2 is where Flammable Atmospheres are not likely to occur during normal
operation and if they occur will only exist for a short time. Often referred to as the
'Remotely Hazardous Area'. i.e Less than 10 hours per year. Permitted forms of
protection: Any type of protection suitable for Zone 0 and 1 and Ex'N' or Ex'n', Ex'o',
Ex'q'.

Manufacturing Industry
Hazardous Zones
Based on the likelihood of presence of flammable gas / vapour (mixture)
Zone Description Example Remarks
Zone 0
A flammable mixture will be present continously For
more than 1000 hrs per year
Vapour space condensate storage tank,
Continous vents, etc
More detailed
definitions are provided in
the European Standard EN
60079-10 (also known as
IEC 60079-10). CENELEC is
the same
Zone 1
Flammable mixture (gases) intermittently present due to
leakages, sample points, Instrument vents, etc For more than 1
hr in 1000 hrs of operation
Instrument Vents, Vents from PSVs, gland
leakages, Open condensate drains, etc.
Zone 2
Flammable mixture can only be present under abnormal
conditions, e.g. Flange leakages, loss of containment, etc Less
than 1 hr in 10000 hrs of operation
Flanges, Area immediately outside Zone 1
Division Description Remarks
Div I Includes Zone 0 and Zone 1
Americans use Division
and Class together to define
the hazardous area
classification of any
equipment
Div II Same as Zone 2
Class I
Flammable Gas / Vapours
Class II
Combustible Dust
Class III
Combustible Fibres
^ Applicable Standard: EN 60079-10 "Hazardous Area Classification"
^ Best practices include API RP 500 "Area Classification for Petroleum Installations"
^ EEx means complying with European standards for hazardous area equipment
Ingress - Protection (IP)
4

.
W
h
a
t

t
y
p
e

o
f

I
n
g
r
e
s
s

f
r
o
m

d
u
s
t

/

w
a
t
e
r

i
s

e
x
p
e
c
t
e
d

o
r

r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d

b
y

t
h
e

c
o
d
e
?
Temperature Class (T-class)
3

.
W
h
a
t

i
s

t
h
e

a
u
t
o
-
i
g
n
i
t
i
o
n

t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

o
f

t
h
e

f
l
a
m
m
a
b
l
e

m
i
x
t
u
r
e
?
Zone Classification (European)
Division & Class in USA
2

.
T
h
e

l
i
k
e
l
i
h
o
o
d

o
f

t
h
e

h
a
z
a
r
d

b
e
i
n
g

p
r
e
s
e
n
t

i
n

f
l
a
m
m
a
b
l
e

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
?
Gas Group
1

.
W
h
a
t

i
s

t
h
e

t
y
p
e

o
f

h
a
z
a
r
d

p
r
e
s
e
n
t
?

ThisQ&Awillhelpyouselect?
Q
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
Any area where any flammable gas CAN be present in concentrations that can cause ignition OR where petroleum products with Flash-Point below 65
o
C are
present.
W
h
a
t

i
s

a

h
a
z
a
r
d
o
u
s

a
r
e
a
?
EEx d IIA T6 IP 54

W
h
e
n

y
o
u

r
e
a
c
h

t
h
e

e
n
d

o
f
t
h
i
s

p
r
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
,
y
o
u

s
h
o
u
l
d

b
e

a
b
l
e

t
o

d
e
c
o
d
e
:
O
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
:
Prepared by : Tipu Salahuddin
Rev: 0 Dated: 23-August-2004
H
a
z
a
r
d
o
u
s
A
r
e
a
C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n

^ Applicable Standard: EN 60079-10 "Hazardous Area Classification"
^ Best practices include API RP 500 "Area Classification for Petroleum Installations"
^ EEx means complying with European standards for hazardous area equipment
Ingress - Protection (IP)
4

.
W
h
a
t

t
y
p
e

o
f

I
n
g
r
e
s
s

f
r
o
m

d
u
s
t

/

w
a
t
e
r

i
s

e
x
p
e
c
t
e
d

o
r

r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d

b
y

t
h
e

c
o
d
e
?
Temperature Class (T-class)
3

.
W
h
a
t

i
s

t
h
e

a
u
t
o
-
i
g
n
i
t
i
o
n

t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

o
f

t
h
e

f
l
a
m
m
a
b
l
e

m
i
x
t
u
r
e
?
Zone Classification (European)
Division & Class in USA
2

.
T
h
e

l
i
k
e
l
i
h
o
o
d

o
f

t
h
e

h
a
z
a
r
d

b
e
i
n
g

p
r
e
s
e
n
t

i
n

f
l
a
m
m
a
b
l
e

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
?
Gas Group
1

.
W
h
a
t

i
s

t
h
e

t
y
p
e

o
f

h
a
z
a
r
d

p
r
e
s
e
n
t
?

ThisQ&Awillhelpyouselect?
Q
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
Any area where any flammable gas CAN be present in concentrations that can cause ignition OR where petroleum products with Flash-Point below 65
o
C are
present.
W
h
a
t

i
s

a

h
a
z
a
r
d
o
u
s

a
r
e
a
?
EEx d IIA T6 IP 54

W
h
e
n

y
o
u

r
e
a
c
h

t
h
e

e
n
d

o
f
t
h
i
s

p
r
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
,
y
o
u

s
h
o
u
l
d

b
e

a
b
l
e

t
o

d
e
c
o
d
e
:
O
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
:
Prepared by : Tipu Salahuddin
Rev: 0 Dated: 23-August-2004
H
a
z
a
r
d
o
u
s
A
r
e
a
C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n

Can you decode EEx d IIA T6 IP 54 now?
EEx d IIA T6 IP 54

EEx Certified equipment for hazardous areas according to
European Standards

d Explosion Proof

IIA Propane gas group

T6 Maximum surface temperature as high as 450 deg C

IP 54 Dust protected and Protected against splashed water from
all sides




Slide no. 15
Kadanwari Electrical Training 2004