Why do we need food?

To provide energy
To grow
To repair worn-out or damaged
tissues
To maintain general health
To state the types of nutrition
To explain autotrophic nutrition
To explain heterotrophic nutrition
To classify organisms according to
the types of nutrition
Types
Autotroph Heterotroph
Diet
Balanced In balance
Humans and
Animals
Digestion
Rodents
Ruminant
Humans
Absorption
and
assimilation
Defaecation
Plants Technology
Production
Processing
Macronutrient Micronutrient
Mechanism
Factors
Photosynthesis
Temperature
Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
Holozoic
Saprophytism
Parasitism
Hydroponics and
Aeroponics
Selective breeding
Tissue culture
Genetic
engineering
Soil
Management
Biological control
Nutrient
requirement
Light
intensity
Concentration of
Carbon Dioxide
Cooking
Canning
Freezing
Pasteurization
Fermentation
Drying
NUTRITION
Nutrition : a process by which
organisms obtain food or nutrients
AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION
A type of nutrition in which organisms
synthesise the organic compounds
(food) they require from inorganic
substances.
The organisms autotrophs (auto = self,
troph = nutrition)
The energy required for synthesis of
food sunlight (photosynthesis) @
chemical substances (chemosynthesis)
Photosynthesis
All green plant

Synthesising organic
compounds from CO
2
& H
2
O in
the presence of sunlight.
Chemosynthesis
Synthesising organic compounds by
using energy from the oxidation of
inorganic substances such as CO
2
,
hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen or
ammonia.

Chemoautotroph : sulphur bacteria,
Nitrosomonas sp., Nitrobacter sp.
HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION
A type of nutrition in which
organisms have to depend an
autotrophs or other organisms as a
source of energy as they cannot
synthesise their own food
The organisms heterotrophs
3 types : holozoic, saprophytism,
parasitism
Feeding by ingesting complex
organic matter digested
absorbed
Animals & insectivorous plants
Feeding by absorbing their
required nutrients from dead
organic matter or the organic
excretory waste of organisms
Called saprophytes (bacteria, fungi
mushrooms, yeasts & Mucor sp.)
Feeding by absorbing their nutrients from living
organisms

Lives on or in the body of a living organism (host)
& obtains its nutrients from the host parasites

Fleas, lice & tapeworm

Endoparasites & ectoparasites
EXERCISE 6.1
1. Give the difference between
autotrophs and the heterotrophs.
2. List three types of heterotrophic
nutrition.